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Fatima Rushdi (1908-1996) was an Egyptian actress, singer, film director, and producer who was one of the pioneers of Egyptian cinema.[1]

Fatima Rushdi
Rushdi in an unknown date
BornNovember 15, 1908
Alexandria, Egypt
DiedJanuary 23, 1996
OccupationActress, film director

Life


Born in Alexandria, Fatima Rushdi moved to Cairo at 14 to become an actress.[2] Without any formal training, and speaking only Arabic,[3] she started her own theatrical troupe in 1926[4] and travelled throughout North Africa. Theater director `Aziz `Id fell in love with her and enabled her to learn to read and write.[2] She became known as the "Bernhardt of the Orient" for reprising many of Sarah Bernhardt's famous roles, including Mark Anthony in Julius Caesar.[1]

In the late 1920s, Rushdi went on acting tours abroad. She acted in Beirut, Jaffa, Haifa, Latakia, Baghdad, and in Tunisia and Algeria. She also sailed to South America and acted in Santos, São Paolo, Rio de Janeiro, and Buenos Aires.[5]

Her first film appearance was in Ibrahim Lama's Faji`a Fawq Al-Haram in 1928.[1] In 1933, she directed her first and only film, al-Zarwaj, which premiered in Paris.[2] No surviving copies are known, and in her 1970 memoir, she claimed to have burned the completed film.[2] In the film, she starred as a woman pushed into an unhappy marriage by her father who dies tragically at the end.

She acted in several films by Kamal Selim, including the realist film The Will al-`Azima (1939), where she played a young working-class girl falling in love with the neighbour's son. Her last screen appearance was in 1955, in a secondary role in Ahmad Diya` al-Din's Da`uni A`ish / Let Me Live.[1]

In the 1960s, Rushdi hosted a salon for filmmakers and students at the Cairo Higher Institute for Drama Studies.[2]


References


  1. Leaman, Oliver (2003). "Rushdi, Fatima (b. 1908, Alexandria)". Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film. Routledge. p. 122. ISBN 978-1-134-66252-4.
  2. Rebecca Hillauer (2005). Encyclopedia of Arab Women Filmmakers. American Univ in Cairo Press. pp. 30–1. ISBN 978-977-424-943-3.
  3. Landau, Jacob M. (1958). Studies in the Arab Theater and Cinema. Routledge. p. 81. ISBN 978-1-317-24627-5.
  4. Cathlyn Mariscotti (2008). Gender and Class in the Egyptian Women's Movement, 1925–1939: Changing Perspectives. Syracuse University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-8156-3170-5.
  5. Cormack, Raph (2021). Midnight in Cairo : the divas of Egypt's roaring '20s. New York: W.W. Norton. pp. 156–83. ISBN 978-0-393-54113-7. OCLC 1158582767.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)


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