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Fyodor Grigorievich Volkov (Russian: Фёдор Григорьевич Волков) (20 February [O.S. 9 February] 1729 in Kostroma 15 April [O.S. 4 April] 1763 in Moscow) was a Russian actor and founder of the first permanent Russian theater.

Fyodor Volkov
Fyodor Volkov by Anton Losenko
Born1729 (1729)
Kostroma, Russian Empire
Died1763(1763-00-00) (aged 33–34)
Moscow, Russian Empire
OccupationActor

Life


The stepson of merchant Polushkin from Kostroma, Fyodor Volkov received a versatile education. He established the very first public theater in Yaroslavl in 1750, which would later bring fame to the then-unknown actors Ivan Dmitrievsky, Yakov Shumsky and others. Two years later, Fyodor Volkov and his theater were invited by Empress Elizabeth to perform at her court, but it would soon be dismissed due to its "plebeian" nature. Some of the actors were sent to the Szlachta Corps (Шляхетный корпус) to get education.

In 1756, the empress issued a decree on the establishment of the first permanent public theatre in St.Petersburg under the guidance of Alexander Sumarokov. Fyodor Volkov assisted Sumarokov in managing the theater and five years later became its director after the latter's resignation. Volkov created the Russian professional public theater of national significance, tied it together with progressive dramatic art, and paved the way for a number of Russian actors. He married one of the first actresses in Russia, Maria Ananina.

As an actor, Fyodor Volkov mostly played tragic roles, such as the ones in Sumarokov's plays Khorev (Хорев), The Refuge of Virtue (Прибежище добродетели), Gamlet (Гамлет; Sumarokov's version of Shakespeare's Hamlet), Semira (Семира), Sinav and Truvor (Синав и Трувор), Yaropolk and Demiza (Ярополк и Демиза). Having mastered the art of stage acting, Volkov often deviated from esthetic canons of classicism and chose not to follow the universally accepted rules of solemn recitation. In his plays, Sumarokov would often create characters with Volkov's wild temperament in mind. The latter, however, was a very talented comedian, as well.


Legacy


The Yaroslavl Theatre has been bearing Volkov's name since 1911.


На других языках


[de] Fjodor Grigorjewitsch Wolkow

Fjodor Grigorjewitsch Wolkow (russisch Фёдор Григорьевич Волков, wiss. Transliteration Fëdor Grigorʹevič Volkov; * 9. Februarjul. / 20. Februar 1729greg. in Kostroma; † 4. Apriljul. / 15. April 1763greg. in Moskau) war ein russischer Theaterregisseur und Amateurschauspieler, der als Begründer des ersten öffentlichen Schauspielhauses im Russischen Reich gilt.
- [en] Fyodor Volkov

[ru] Волков, Фёдор Григорьевич

Фёдор Григо́рьевич Во́лков (9 (20) февраля 1729, Кострома — 4 (15) апреля 1763, Москва) — русский актёр и театральный деятель, который создал первый постоянный русский театр. Считается основателем русского театра.



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