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Merata Mita CNZM (19 June 1942 – 31 May 2010) was a New Zealand filmmaker, producer, and writer, and a key figure in the growth of the Māori screen industry.

Background

Mita was born on 19 June 1942 in Maketu in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand's North Island. She was the third eldest of nine children and had a traditional rural Māori upbringing. She was from the Māori iwi of Ngāti Pikiao and Ngāi Te Rangi.[1]

Mita taught at Kawerau College for eight years, where she began using film and video to reach high school students characterised as "unteachable", many of them Māori and Pacific Islander.[1][2] She learned that the film and video equipment helped her students with their education as it was a form of oral storytelling, where they could express themselves through various art forms, such as drawing and image. This experience led to Mita's interest in filmmaking.[1][2] She initially started her filmmaking career by working with film crews as a liaison person. Through these jobs, she discovered that foreign filmmakers had the access to tell the stories of Māori people, where she then decided to become a filmmaker herself. Mita started her technical education by having jobs as a sound assistant and a sound recordist. Over time, people started to take note of her contributions as part of the film crew.[3] The experience eventually led her into a lengthy career in the film and television industry.[1] Later on, she moved to Hawaii in 1990 and taught documentary film making at the University of Hawai'i-Manoa.[4]

Films

Mita was the first Indigenous woman and the first woman in Aotearoa New Zealand to solely write and direct a dramatic feature film. Hers was Mauri (1988). Her filmmaking can be classified as "Fourth Cinema," a term that was made by New Zealand filmmaker, Barry Barclay. "Fourth Cinema" is described as Indigenous cinema created by Indigenous filmmakers for Indigenous audiences.[5] Author Stephen Turner writes that the hill in Mita’s film Mauri (1988) “[...] has filmic agency. I see it as a central figure and actor, and the vehicle for the “mauri” (the principle or force of life) of the film’s title [...] Fourth Cinema is a medium through which things pass, enabling people and place to be recollected and connected in the viewing experience.”[5] Through her work, Mita aimed to make films that were about decolonisation and indigenisation.[6] She made films that represented Māori people and their culture, which were specifically made for Māori audiences. These films were made as a way to encourage young Māori and Indigenous filmmakers after viewing these films, which portrayed their people authentically.[2][7] In 1972, she was a co-director with Ramai Te Miha Hayward of To Love A Māori (1972).[8] An accomplished documentary director and producer for more than 25 years, Mita made landmark documentary films such as, Patu! (1983), about the violent clashes between anti-apartheid protesters and the police during the controversial 1981 South African Springboks rugby tours in New Zealand, and Bastion Point: Day 507 (1980), about the eviction of Ngāti Whātua from their traditional land. Hotere (2001) documented the life and work of well-known Māori artist Ralph Hotere. She also directed the music video Waka for hip-hop artist Che Fu.[9]

Acting

Mita played the role of 'Matu' in the New Zealand feature film Utu (1983), which was directed by her husband Geoff Murphy, starred Anzac Wallace, and featured veteran Māori actor Wi Kuki Kaa.[10] She also acted in the television adaptation of The Protesters, written by Rowley Habib.[11]

Documentary on Mita's work

In 1998, Mita was the subject of a documentary in the television series, Rangatira: Merata Mita – Making Waves, directed by Hinewehi Mohi.[12]

In October 2014, NZ on Air announced funding for a biographical film, Te Taki A Merata Mita – How Mum Decolonised The Screen, to be directed by her son Heperi Mita, for cinematic release and screening on Māori Television.[13][14] On 28 November 2018, the documentary was accepted into the Sundance Film Festival in their 2019 programme.[15]

International influence

Mita's influence among indigenous filmmakers internationally was considerable, through film organizations and film festivals in which she mentored, such as the Sundance Film Festival's Native Film Initiative, the National Geographic All Roads Indigenous Film Festival, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting's consortium Pacific Islanders in Communications, and through her teaching at the University of Hawai'i-Manoa.[16] In 2016, the Merata Mita Fellowship was created by the Sundance Institute for Native or Indigenous filmmakers globally, who are at any stage of their career or production, and this fellowship continues into the present day.[17]

Recognition and awards

Some of Mita's recognition and awards included the Amiens International Film Festival's "MRAP Award" for her documentary, Patu!, in 1983,[18] Rimini Film Festival's "Best Film" for Mauri in 1989,[18] Flaherty Seminar's "Leo Dratfield Award for Commitment and Excellence in Documentary" in 1996,[19] Taos Film Festival's "Mountain Award for excellence, commitment, and innovation" in 1999,[20] the Te Waka Toi, part of the Creative New Zealand Te Tohu Toi Ke – "Making a difference" Award (2009),[21] and the 2010 New Year Honours, when she was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit for her services to the film industry.[22][23] Mita was also nominated for Asia Pacific Screen Awards' "Best Children's Feature Film" with Ainsley Gardiner, Cliff Curtis and Emanuel Michael, for the film, Boy, in 2010, and for Aotearoa Film and Television Awards' "Best Director - Television Documentary" for Saving Grace - Te Whakarauora Tangata in 2011.[18] National Geographic All Roads Festival's "Merata Mita Award" is an annual award that recognizes a "Legacy of Outstanding Storytelling" was established in Mita's honour in 2010.[18]

Personal life

Mita had seven children: Rafer, Richard, Rhys, Lars, Awatea, Eruera and Hepi. Her 4th son Lars died as an infant 2 weeks before his 1st birthday [24][25] Her son Hepi Mita from her long time relationship with Geoff Murphy produced a documentary on his mother's cinematic legacy which was released in 2018.[26]

Death

Mita died suddenly on 31 May 2010, after collapsing outside the studios of Māori Television.[27]

Works

Mita directed or collaborated on numerous films and television shows,[28][29] including:

Films

• The Hammer and the Anvil (1979) – Co-director, co-producer
• Karanga Hokianga (1979) – Director, co-editor
• Bastion Point: Day 507 (1980) – Co-director, co-editor
• Kinleith '80 (1981) – Community liaison
• Keskidee Aroha (1981) – Co-director, co-producer
• The Bridge: A Story of Men in Dispute (1982) – Co-director, Sound
• Utu (1983) – Role: Matu, Cultural Advisor
• Patu! (1983) – Director, producer
• Mauri (1988) – Director, writer, producer
• Mana Waka (1990) – Director, sound designer, writer
• The Shooting of Dominick Kaiwhata (1993) – Director, Producer
• Dread (1996) – Director, writer
• Te Paho (1997) – Director, writer
• Hotere (2001) – Director, writer, producer
• The Land Has Eyes (2004) – Executive Producer
• Spooked (2004) – Producer, Second Unit Director, Role: Fred’s wife
• Boy (2010) – Co-producer
• Saving Grace - Te Whakarauora Tangata (2011)[30] – Director
• Merata: How Mum Decolonised the Screen (2018) – Subject

Television shows

• Women - Māori Women in a Pākehā World (Episode Four) (1977) – Subject
• Karanga Hokianga ki o Tamariki (1979) – Director, producer
• Koha (1980-1981) – Director Producer
• Titiro Mai (1980-1985) – Presenter
• One of those Blighters (1982) – Role: Sue
• New Streets - South Auckland, Two Cities (1982) – Research
• Making Utu (1982) – Subject
• Loose Enz - The Protestors – Role: Ru
• New Streets - Auckland Fa’a-Samoa (1982) – Research
• Koha - Mauri (1987) – Subject
• Kaleidoscope - NZ Cinema, the Past Decade (1987) – Subject
• Koha - Nga Pikitia Māori (1987) – Subject
• Solidarity (1992) – Executive Producer
• Witi Ihimaera (1997) – Interviewer, Consultant Producer
• Rangatira: Merata Mita - Making Waves (1998) – Project Advisor, Subject
• The Magnificent Seven (1998) – Second Unit Director
• Frontseat - Series Two, Episode 10 (2006) – Subject
• Kete Aronui - Merata Mita (2007) – Subject
• 50 Years of New Zealand Television: 7 - Taonga TV (2010) – Subject
• 50 Years of New Zealand Television: 2 - The Whole World’s Watching (2010) – Subject
• Taku Rākau e (2010) – Producer
• 50 Years of New Zealand Television: 1 - From One Channel to One Hundred (2010) – Subject
• Hautoa Mā! The Rise of Māori Cinema (2016) – Subject

References

Further reading

• Lamche, Pascale; Mita, Merata (1984). "Interview with Merata Mita". Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media (25): 2–11. ISSN 0306-7661.
• Turner, Stephen (2013). "9. Reflections on Barry Barclay and Fourth Cinema". In Hokowhitu, Brendan; Devadas, Vijay (eds.). The Fourth Eye: Māori Media in Aotearoa New Zealand. University of Minnesota Press. pp.162–178. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.ctt4cggdb.13.

External links

• Chloe Cull, Considering Merata Mita's Legacy, in Love Feminisms, Enjoy Public Art Gallery, 2015
• Brannavan Gnanalingam, A Magnificent Salvage: Mana Waka, Lumiere Reader, 2011
• Biography at NZ On Screen
• Watch Patu clip at NZ On Screen
• Patu! background at the NZ Film Archive
• Merata Mita at IMDb
• Merata: How Mum Decolonised the Screen Film (Trailer) – 2018 at NZ On Screen
• Sundance Institute. “Sundance Institute Announces New Merata Mita Fellowship For Indigenous Artists and 2016 Recipient.”, 2016
• Alice Webb-Liddall, “Merata Mita: the godmother of indigenous film.” The Spinoff, May 2, 2021.

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