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Jugnu (lit. 'Firefly') is a 1947 Indian musical romantic comedy film directed and produced by Shaukat Hussain Rizvi. The film stars Dilip Kumar, Noor Jehan, Ghulam Mohammad, Jillo, Latika, Shashikala and now famous playback singer Mohammed Rafi in a cameo appearance.[1][2]

Jugnu
Film poster
Directed by	Shaukat Hussain Rizvi
Written by	A. S. Usmani
Screenplay by	Khadim Mohyuddin
Story by	A. S. Usmani
Produced by	Shaukat Hussain Rizvi
Starring	Dilip Kumar Noor Jehan
Cinematography	P. Issac
Edited by	Mohsin T. Bangriwala
Music by	Feroz Nizami
Production company	Shaukat Art Productions
Distributed by	Shaukat Art Productions
Release date	23 May 1947 (1947-05-23)
Country	British India
Language	Hindustani
Box office	₹5 million ($5 million)

The film was made in pre-independence British India, with a censored version subsequently released after the partition of India.[3] Despite drawing significant controversy upon release,[3] it became the highest-grossing Indian film of 1947.[lower-alpha 1][4] This film was the first major hit for Dilip Kumar, who went on to become one of the Indian film industry's legends.[5]

Cast

Music

No.	Title	Singer(s)	Length
1.	"Yahaan Badala Wafa Ka Bewafai Ke Siwa Kya Hai[1]"	Noor Jehan, Mohammed Rafi[1]	04:47
2.	"Woh Apani Yaad Dilaane Ko"	Mohammed Rafi	03:14
3.	"Aaj Ki Raat Saaz-E-Dil-E-Purdard Na Chheirr"	Noor Jehan	04:43
4.	"Hamein To Sham-E-Gham Mein Katni Hai Zindagi Apni[1]"	Noor Jehan	04:04
5.	"Umangein Dil Ki Machleen Muskarai Zindagi Apni[1]"	Noor Jehan	03:49
6.	"Desh Ki Purkaif Rangi Si Fizaon Mein Kahi[1]"	Roshan Ara Begum[1]	04:48
7.	"Tum Bhi Bhula Do Mein Bhi Bhula Dun[1]"	Noor Jehan	03:47
8.	"Laut Jawaani Phir Nahin Aani[1]"	Shamshad Begum	05:55
Total length:			35:07

Box office

Jugnu (1947 film) grossed ₹50 lakh (US$5 million) in India, making it the highest-grossing Indian film of 1947. When adjusted for inflation, its gross in 2016 value is equivalent to ₹363 crore (US$61 million).[lower-alpha 1] in 1947 (equivalent to US$61 million or ₹363 crore[7] in 2016)</ref> This is the highest for any Indian film at the time, until it was surpassed by Andaz, which also stars Kumar in lead role along with Nargis and Raj Kapoor.

Reception and controversy

The film drew significant controversy upon release, for two major reasons. The first reason was its depiction of romance, flirting and dancing on a college campus setting, which led to negative reviews from Indian film critics and 28 minutes of content being censored by the Indian government. The second reason was the film's director Rizvi and lead actress Noor Jehan becoming Pakistanis after the partition of India. In 1948, the biggest Indian film magazine at the time, Filmindia, was very critical of the film. The magazine's editor, film critic Baburao Patel, wrote a negative review, calling Jugnu a "dirty, disgusting, vulgar picture!" Patel stated, it "tells us that college life in India is nothing more than a long sex hunt in which boys chase girls, explore their hand bags, rob their tiffin boxes and sing suggestive love ditties while making vulgar gestures; while girls sigh about heavily, seduce boys to tea, pimp for their friends, puncture their cycle tyres and sing songs of frustrated love," and added, "no decent exhibitor with any pride for his profession or any self-respect should exhibit it in his theatre." He also criticized the director Rizvi for becoming a Pakistani national, falsely accusing him of having connections with Hyderabad State separatist Kasim Razvi. Another 1948 Filmindia editorial attacked Muslim filmmakers such as Rizvi for working in both India and Pakistan, stating "censors must watch carefully such anti-social and anti-religious activities of these fanatic producers who live with us to stab us from day to day," while referencing Jugnu as an example. Despite controversy from Indian elites, Jugnu became a blockbuster among Indian mass audiences.[3]

Notes

References

External links

• Jugnu at IMDb

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