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Zainab Biisheva (Bashkir: Зәйнәб Биишева, real name Zainab Abdullovna Biisheva, 15 January 1908, village of Tuembetovo (now - Kugarchinsky district of Bashkortostan – 24 August 1996, Ufa), was a Bashkir poet, writer and playwright.[1]

Zainab Biisheva
Born Zainab Abdullovna Biisheva
(1908-01-15)15 January 1908
Tuembetovo village, Orenburg uezd (county), Orenburg Governorate, Russian Empire (now Kugarchinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia)
Died24 August 1996(1996-08-24) (aged 88)
Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
Occupationpoet, novelist, playwright, librettist
CitizenshipRussian Empire, USSR, Russia
Alma materOrenburg Bashkir Pedagogical College
Notable worksTrilogy "Toward the Light" ("Story of One Life")
"Kanhylyu" (1949),
"A Strange Man" (1960),
"Where are you, Gulnisa?" (1962),
"Duma Duma" (1963),
"Love and Hate" (1964).
Notable awardsOrder of the Badge of Honour

Salawat Yulayev Award


Biography


Zainab Biisheva was born on January 15, 1908 in the village of Tuembetovo (now - Kugarchinsky district of Bashkortostan in the family of teacher Abdulla Biishev. Since childhood, she was brought up on the best traditions of rich oral creativity.

Zainab Biisheva early became an orphan. Her mother died, when she was three years old, in 1919, his father died. She received her first knowledge in the village of Ibraevo, then entered the Bashkir Pedagogical College in the city of Orenburg.

Many future leaders of Bashkir culture, science, and statesmen studied at the Pedagogical College.There was a good literature circle in the college. It is here that Zainab writes his first poems and short stories. After graduating from the pedagogical college, in 1929-1931 she was a teacher in the village of Temyasovo, Baymak District. Here she married Gaziz Aminev. They had four children, but one died in childhood . In 1941, a war broke out with Germany and Aminev went to the front, he returned from the front, but became disabled.

After completing her studies, in 1929-1931 she was a teacher in the village of Temyasovo, Baymak District. After graduating from the Ufa continuing education courses (1931), he became editor of the Bashkir book publishing house and the Pioneer magazine (in 1930, Zainab Bisheva's first story "Among Waterfalls" was published).

The first book, Partisan Boy (The Guerilla Boy), was published in 1942. Member of the Union of Writers of the USSR since 1946. Since 1951 - a professional writer.

She died in Ufa on August 24, 1996.


Creation


The first book "The Guerilla Boy" was published in 1942.

Member of the Writers' Union since 1946. Since 1951 - a professional writer .

In 1990 he was awarded the title of "People's Writer of Bashkortostan ".

Published more than 60 of her books in the languages of the peoples of Russia and the world.

Zainab Biisheva writing in different genres. She penned several works for children and youth, including the play "Friendship" and the novel " Let's be friends ", dozens of poems and tales. It acts as a fine lyric verse in the story " Gulyamal ." Poem " Last monologue Salawat " (1984 ) is devoted to disclosing the image of the national hero Salawat Yulayev . Dramatic works "Magic Kurai " (1957 ), " The Mysterious ring " (1959 ), " Gulbadar " (1961 ), " The Vow " (1966 ), " Zulhiza " (1981) with great success came not only on the stage of the Bashkir State Academic Theatre drama, but the theaters and far abroad.

Zainab Biisheva worked fruitfully in the genres of narrative, story and tale . The most famous are " Kanhylyu " (1949 ), "A Strange Man" (1960), " Where are you, Gulnisa?" (1962 ), "Duma Duma" (1963), "Love and Hate" ( 1964).

In them, she raises philosophical problems relationship between the individual and society, creates vivid images of women bashkirok . Most significant work of Zainab Abdullovna - trilogy " The light ", which includes the novels "humiliation" (1956-1959), " The Big Eyek " (1965-1967), " Yemesh " ( 1967-1969 ) . Bashkir language translated it "Taras Bulba" by N. Gogol, "Bezhin Meadow" by Ivan Turgenev, " Timur and His Team " A Gaidar, "My dear boy ," L. Kassilya, stories Tolstoy, S.Aksakova, A . Chekhov, Gorky .

Orenburg Caravanserai. Bashkir Teachers College (1921-1936)
Orenburg Caravanserai. Bashkir Teachers College (1921-1936)

Trilogy " Toward the Light " (" Story of One Life ")


Zainab Biisheva trilogy (1956-1969) - the result of many years of creative work and deep thoughts " about the time of life." In the novels, included in it, the author has proved a "master of the epic scope of reality " (A. Zhuravlev ) . In the center of the works - the fate of the Bashkir people in tense, turning points in history . Their action covers the years before World War I, the Civil War, the collectivization .

The main heroine of the trilogy uniting storylines is Gulyemesh ( Yemesh), whose name translates from the Bashkir means " wild rose " (" berry "). In this manner undoubtedly concluded autobiographical features, but at the same time managed to show Z. Biisheva it typical features Bashkir women, their courage, fortitude, strength of spirit, poetry. Also a great place in the novels assigned image world of childhood, the formation of character .

The Big Eyyek River
The Big Eyyek River

Many trials befell Yemesh : his mother's death, life in the house cruel stepmother, the death of his father and older sister Yanesh . But it is not bent heroine. From the first pages of the novel she shows rebelliousness blows of fate vitality. Brought up on the works of folk art, Emeshev loves nature, feels the word beauty of folk music. Becoming a student, she 's head goes in a class, it entrain lectures, social work, reading books, your own creativity. Favorite heroine lives Biisheva saturated emotional life .

In the first novel of the trilogy ("humiliation") portrayed life Bashkir village pre-revolutionary period (until 1917) . In the foreground is the theme of a small, socially disadvantaged person. As the researcher R. Baimov, " an epic narrative looseness allows for broad show in the novel of life and customs, social and intimate family relationships, social traditions and new trends ."

Logical continuation of the "humiliation" is the novel " The Big Eyyek " ( Bashkir option called "Awakening"; Eyyek River) . It has the features of historical and revolutionary product . While Zainab Biisheva main stops its attention on events occurring in normal Bashkir village rather than in rows of red and white . History can be seen here through the peasant mentality and way of life .

Novel " Yemesh" dedicated youth of the protagonist. Action considerable part of the product is transferred to Orenburg. In his work reflected the tumultuous events of the 20- 30s, there is a certain idealization of the era.

Over 60 of her books have been published in the languages of the peoples of Russia and the world.


Memory



Bibliography



Works





Notes and references


  1. сентября», Алеева Гульфара Минзагировна, Издательский дом «Первое. "Жизнь и творчество Зайнаб Биишевой". Открытый урок.

На других языках


[de] Sainab Biischewa

Sainab Abdullowna Biischewa (russisch Зайнаб Абдулловна Биишева, wiss. Transliteration Zajnab Abdullovna Biiševa; geboren am 15. Januar 1908 in Tujembetowo,[1] Gouvernement Orenburg, Russisches Kaiserreich; gestorben am 24. August 1996 in Ufa, Baschkortostan, Russland) war eine baschkirische und sowjetische Schriftstellerin, Dichterin, Dramatikerin und Übersetzerin. Sie gilt als „Volksautorin“ und wurde als zweite Frau 1968 mit dem Salawat-Julajew-Preis ausgezeichnet.
- [en] Zainab Biisheva

[fr] Zaïnab Biicheva

Zaïnab Abdoullovna Biicheva (en russe : Зайнаб Абдулловна Биишева ; en bachkir : Зәйнәб Абдулла ҡыҙы Биишева, Zäynäb Abdulla qıźı Biişeva), née à Touïembetovo (ru) le 15 janvier 1908 et morte à Oufa le 24 août 1996) est une écrivaine, poétesse et dramaturge bachkire. C'est une parente éloignée du scientifique et député Amir Ichemgoulov.

[ru] Биишева, Зайнаб Абдулловна

Зайна́б Абду́лловна Бии́шева (башк. Зәйнәб Абдулла ҡыҙы Биишева; 2 [15] января 1908 года, деревня Туембетово [ныне — Кугарчинский район Башкортостана] — 24 августа 1996, Уфа) — народный писатель Башкирской АССР (1990), прозаик, поэт, драматург, переводчик.



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