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Louis-François-Marie Nicolaïe (28 January 1811[1] – 8 February 1879[2]), better known as Clairville, was a 19th-century French comedian, poet, chansonnier, goguettier and playwright.

Clairville
Caricature of Clairville published in Le Trombinosocope of Touchatout, 1874
Born28 January 1811
Lyon
Died9 February 1879(1879-02-09) (aged 68)
Paris
OccupationComedian
Poet
Chansonnier
Clairville, par Étienne Carjat.
Clairville, par Étienne Carjat.

Biography


Son of the Lyonese playwright and stage manager Alexandre-Henri Nicolaïe dit Clairville (died 1832),[3] he began in 1821 in Paris at the Luxembourg Theater as actor with Madame Saqui, then as stage manager and finally, from 1837, exclusively as playwright.[4] He later joined the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, playing small roles and developed his craft as a playwright, finding that to be his true vocation.[citation needed] He first conceived a revue titled 1836 dans la lune, the success of which would launch his career.[citation needed] His plays included comedies, serious plays, revues, féeries, satires and parodies.[citation needed]

He is credited with at least 230 miscellaneous pieces of which 50 have reached one hundred representations followed.[5] He was particularly known for his comédies en vaudeville.[citation needed] He was assisted, from the beginning of his career, by his friend Edward Miot. His group of his collaborators grew to include Dumanoir, Dennery, Nicot and Cordier.[citation needed] They drew inspiration from the news of the day.[citation needed] Clairville collaborated with other authors, including the Cogniard brothers, Lambert-Thiboust, Paul Siraudin, Victor Koning, Henri Chivot and Alfred Duru, Édouard Plouvier, Alfred Delacour for plays and operettas.[citation needed]

Clairville was an active member of the fourth Société du Caveau, of which he was president in 1871.[citation needed]

"Clarville doesn't not compose, he makes ... kind of literary thrift store, where old threadbare words and buried puns are dressed to the nine," wrote Henri Rochefort; but he added, "not an administrative measure, not a weird ad, not a new invention that Mr. Clarville has not set in a script or turned into couplets. This is the man of the review and parody par excellence."[citation needed]

In 1853, he published Chansons et Poésies, a collection of rhymes, from the ribald songs, "which are sung in the desert" according to Albert Blanquet, to the touching simplicity of the poems.[citation needed] He was awarded the cross of Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur in 1857.[citation needed]

In 1870, he composed the song Les Deux Canailles,[6] in response to the song[7] La Canaille by Alexis Bouvier. In 1871, he wrote at least two anti-communard songs: L'Internationale[8] where he gave his vision of the "Internationale ouvrière" as a collection of bandits,[citation needed] and La Commune[9] in which he called for the massacre of Communards.[citation needed]

Clairville died of pneumonia on 8 February 1879.[10][11][12] After the funeral at Église Saint-Eugène-Sainte-Cécile in Paris on 10 February, he was buried at Montmartre Cemetery.[13]


Family


Clairville had two sons. The composer Édouard-François Nicolaïe, known as Clairville fils (1854–1904) was from his marriage with Angélique Gabrielle Pagès. Charles-Albert Nicolaïe, known as "Clairvoyance" (1833–1892), an employee at the Comptoir d'Escompte de Paris, was born of an affair with Augustine Philippon.[citation needed] Claiville was the uncle of the playwright and librettist Charles-Victor Nicolaïe, known as Charles Clairville (1855-1927).[citation needed]


Selected works


Clairville's plays written in collaboration with leading playwrights of his time or that continue to be presented, include the following:


References


  1. Municipal Archives of Lyon, scanned-civil status register of 1811 births, act n° 359 (vue 25/328), Les témoins à l'acte sont Louis-François Ribié, directeur du Théâtre des Célestins and Louis-Jacques Solomé, "dramatic artist residing at said theater"
  2. Digital archives of the City of Paris, civil status of the 10th arrondissement, registry 1879 deaths, act n°578
  3. Reconstructed archives of the city of Paris, file 7/51
  4. Ducourneau, Jean A. (1971). Œuvres complètes : Honoré de Balzac (in French). Vol. 23. Paris: Les Bibliophiles de l'originale. p. 580..
  5. Arnold Mortier, in his Soirées parisiennes 1874-1884, called him "The man with inexhaustible cards" but concluded that some of these plays may have been counterfeited.
  6. Clairville, Les Deux Canailles, Le Caveau 1871.
  7. Alexis Bouvier on Data.bnf.fr [fr].
  8. Clairville, L'Internationale, Le Caveau 1872.
  9. Clairville, La Commune, Le Caveau 1872.
  10. « Nécrologie », Le Temps, 10 February 1879, pp.2-3.
  11. « Mort de Clairville » Le Petit Parisien, 10 February 1879, pp.2-3.
  12. Courrier des théâtres, Le Figaro, 8 February 1879, pp. 3-4
  13. Le Figaro (11 February 1879). "Courrier des théâtres", p. 3 (in French)

Further reading





На других языках


- [en] Clairville (Louis-François Nicolaïe)

[fr] Clairville (Louis-François Nicolaïe)

Louis-François-Marie Nicolaïe, dit Clairville, né le 28 janvier 1811 à Lyon[1] et mort le 8 février 1879 à Paris 10e[2], est un comédien, poète, chansonnier, vaudevilliste, goguettier et auteur dramatique français.

[ru] Клервилль, Луи-Франсуа

Луи-Франсуа Клервилль (фр. Louis-François Clairville; 1811—1879) — французский писатель.



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