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François-Xavier Garneau (June 15, 1809 – February 2 or February 3, 1866)[1] was a nineteenth-century French Canadian notary, poet, civil servant and liberal who wrote a three-volume history of the French Canadian nation entitled Histoire du Canada between 1845 and 1848.

François-Xavier Garneau
François-Xavier Garneau
Born(1809-06-15)June 15, 1809
Quebec City, Lower Canada
DiedFebruary 2 or February 3, 1866(1866-02-03) (aged 56)
Quebec City, Canada East
Occupationnotary, civil servant, historian, poet
Monument of François-Xavier Garneau in Québec City
Monument of François-Xavier Garneau in Québec City

Biography


Garneau was born in Quebec City and in 1821 he entered a school which had been opened in the basement of the chapel of the Congrégation des Hommes de la Haute Ville.[2] Then Garneau educated at Quebec seminary, studied law, and was admitted as a notary in 1830. Subsequently, he became clerk of the legislative assembly, member of the council of public instruction, and city clerk of Quebec, which office he held from 1845 until his death on February 2 or February 3, 1866. Garneau was an honorary member of literary and historical societies in the United States and Canada, and for several years president of the Institut Canadien of Quebec.[3]


Histoire du Canada


Garneau argued that conquest was a tragedy, the consequence of which was a perpetual struggle against the forces of English Canada for the French Canadian nation; this struggle would continue into the future as long as French Canadians were under the oppressive reign of the British. The book was originally written as a response to the Durham report, which claimed that French Canadian culture was stagnant and that it would be best served through Anglophone assimilation. It was first translated in 1866 and by then "the accepted national history" of French Canadians.[4]


Legacy



François-Xavier Garneau Medal


The François-Xavier Garneau Medal is the highest award given by the Canadian Historical Association and is given once every five years for an outstanding Canadian contribution to historical research. Recipients were: Louise Dechêne (1980), Michael Bliss (1985), John M. Beattie (1990), Joy Parr (1995), Gérard Bouchard (2000), Timothy Brook (2005), John C. Weaver (2010) and Bettina Bradbury (2015).[5]


2010 Winter Olympics


Canadian actor Donald Sutherland narrated the following quote from one of his poems at the opening ceremonies of the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.

In what other climate does the Queen of Silence
Show us more splendour?
I love, Oh Canada, night, the vast plain
Shining with whiteness!

Works



References



Notes


  1. Savard, Pierre and Paul Wyczienski. "Garneau, François-Xavier", in Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online, University of Toronto and Université Laval, 2000, retrieved December 22, 2008
  2. Pierre Savard and Paul Wyczynski. "GARNEAU, FRANÇOIS-XAVIER". Retrieved July 24, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  3. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., eds. (1900). "Garneau, François Xavier" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
  4. Hopkins, J. Castell (1898). An historical sketch of Canadian literature and journalism. Toronto: Lincott. p. 119. ISBN 0665080484.
  5. "CHA website: The François-Xavier Garneau Medal". Archived from the original on 2012-03-25. Retrieved 2012-02-15.

English



French





На других языках

- [en] François-Xavier Garneau

[fr] François-Xavier Garneau

François-Xavier Garneau (né le 15 juin 1809 à Québec et mort le 3 février 1866 dans la même ville) est un historien, poète et notaire canadien, également greffier de la Ville de Québec. Proche des Patriotes, notamment de Louis-Joseph Papineau et Edmund Bailey O'Callaghan, il est communément reconnu comme ayant contribué à façonner l'identité collective canadienne française et celle de la nation québécoise d'aujourd'hui.

[ru] Гарно, Франсуа-Ксавье

Франсуа-Ксавье Гарно (фр. François-Xavier Garneau; 15 июня 1809, Квебек, Нижняя Канада — 3 февраля 1866, Квебек, Канада) — франкоканадский писатель и историк[6], «отец канадской историографии»[7]. Член Литературного и исторического общества Квебека  (англ.) (рус., почётный президент Канадского института Квебека  (фр.) (рус.[8].


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