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Fran Krsto Frankopan (Hungarian: Frangepán Ferenc Kristóf; 4 March 1643 30 April 1671) was a Croatian baroque poet, nobleman and politician. He is remembered primarily for his involvement in the failed Zrinski-Frankopan conspiracy. He was a Croatian marquess, a member of the Frankopan noble family and its last male descendant.

Fran Krsto Frankopan
Portrait in 1671, at the time of his execution
Born(1643-03-04)4 March 1643
Bosiljevo, Croatia, Habsburg monarchy
(now Croatia)
Died30 April 1671(1671-04-30) (aged 28)
Wiener Neustadt, Austria, Habsburg monarchy
(now Austria)
Resting placeZagreb Cathedral, Croatia
OccupationPoet, politician
LanguageCroatian
Notable worksElegia
Gartlic za čas kratiti

Biography



Early life and poetry


Fran Krsto Frankopan with Petar Zrinski.
Fran Krsto Frankopan with Petar Zrinski.

Born in Bosiljevo, Croatia,[1] twenty years younger than his brothers, Fran Krsto Frankopan was an authentic poet in his own right. Following the death of his father, Vuk Krsto Frankopan, he was sent to be schooled in Zagreb, where he enrolled at the Jesuit academy. He lived at today's Habdelić street in the Upper Town, before continuing his education in Italy.[2] There he published his first poetic work in Latin language, Elegia, at age of only 13, in 1656. He underwent various poetic influences, none of which was able to deafen his own inspiration. In such a vein was written his The Garden in which to Cheat Time (Gartlic za čas kratiti), a personal account of the poet's experiences while in prison.

Living in an area bordering on several Croatian dialects, Frankopan mainly wrote his poetry in the Kajkavian-ikavian dialect of the Croatian language (as seen in his poem Srića daje kaj misal ne zgaje). In prison, Frankopan translated Molière's Georges Dandin, the first translation to Slovenian and any Slavic language.[3]

Along with Petar Zrinski, his brother Nikola, Frankopan and his sister Katarina (Petar's wife), contributed various works of poetry and prose to 17th century Croatian literature.

Coat of arms of Fran Krsto Frankopan
Coat of arms of Fran Krsto Frankopan

Peace of Vasvár


Both Frankopan and his brother-in-law Ban (viceroy) Petar Zrinski were described as competent statesmen and prolific writers. They have seen successes in negotiating and liberating the ethnic Hungarian and Croatian areas occupied by the waning Ottoman Empire. However, the Viennese military council, wishing to curb the Hungarian influence in the Monarchy, decided to ultimately sign a peace treaty with the Ottomans, by which the liberated territories had to be ceded back to the Ottoman Empire. Hungarian and Croatian nobles saw the resulting peace treaty, the Peace of Vasvár, as utterly unfavourable and disgraceful to their interests. In response, Frankopan and Zrinski decided to raise a rebel against the king, Leopold I.


Death


Tombstone of Petar Zrinski and Fran Krsto Frankopan in Wiener Neustadt
Tombstone of Petar Zrinski and Fran Krsto Frankopan in Wiener Neustadt

Frankopan and Zrinski were seized by the Royal guard while in Vienna. As a punishment for sedition, they were sentenced to be executed in Wiener Neustadt in 1671.[1]

The deaths of Zrinski and Frankopan caused an outrage among Croatian nobles. Zrinski and Frankopan did not even try to answer the court in Vienna on the terms in which Vienna dealt with them, but rather wished to counteract its injustices with what was then a quite justifiable diplomacy. Viennese officials later recognized that the main reason for the rebellion was the dissatisfaction among Hungarians and Croats prompted by the unfavorable Peace of Vasvár, rather than unprovoked sedition.

The remains of Fran Krsto Frankopan and Petar Zrinski were handed over to the Croatian authorities and buried in the Cathedral of Zagreb in 1919, following World War I.


List of works


From the following list only Elegia was published during Frankopan's lifetime, the rest was found in manuscript following his execution at Wiener Neustadt.[4]


Lyric



Prose



Drama



Legacy


The portraits of Frankopan and Zrinski are depicted on the obverse of the Croatian 5 kuna banknote, issued in 1993 and 2001.[5]

His poems are still popular and are written in a combination of all three Croatian dialects: štokavian, kajkavian and čakavian. This type of writing was also regular for other writers of the Craotian Baroque Ozalj Literary Circle: Ana Katarina Zrinski and Petar IV Zrinski.[6]


Quotes


He who dies honorably lives forever.

Fran Krsto Frankopan, Conscription

Is it possible, Almighty Creator, that such injustice oppresses your country?

Fran Krsto Frankopan

See also



References


  1. Milorad Živančević (1971). Živan Milisavac (ed.). Jugoslovenski književni leksikon [Yugoslav Literary Lexicon] (in Serbo-Croatian). Novi Sad (SAP Vojvodina, SR Serbia): Matica srpska. p. 127.
  2. "roen-fran-krsto-frankopan". vijesti.hrt.hr.
  3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-01-12. Retrieved 2020-01-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. Bibliography of Fran Krsto Frankopan at Matica hrvatska
  5. Croatian National Bank. Features of Kuna Banknotes Archived May 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine: 5 kuna Archived 2009-05-06 at the Wayback Machine (1993 issue) & 5 kuna Archived 2009-05-06 at the Wayback Machine (2001 issue). – Retrieved on 30 March 2009.
  6. "Zrinski, Ana Katarina | Hrvatska enciklopedija".



На других языках


- [en] Fran Krsto Frankopan

[es] Fran Krsto Frankopan

Fran Krsto Frankopan (en húngaro: Frangepán Ferenc Kristóf, Bosiljevo, 4 de marzo de 1643- Wiener Neustadt, 30 de abril de 1671) poeta, noble y político croata de siglo XVII, estuvo involucrado en la Conspiración de los magnates junto con su cuñado Petar Zrinski, por la que fueron ejecutados mediante decapitación.

[fr] Fran Krsto Frankopan

Fran Krsto Frankopan (en français François-Christophe Frangipani), né le 4 mars 1643 à Bosiljevo (Karlovac) et mort exécuté le 30 avril 1671 à Wiener Neustadt, est un seigneur, poète et homme politique croate.

[ru] Франкопан, Фран Крсто

Фран Крсто Франкопан (хорв. Fran Krsto Frankopan), также известный под именами Франьо Крсто Франкопан и Ференц Криштоф Франгепан (венг. .mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}Frangepán Ferenc Kristóf; 6 марта 1643 года — 30 апреля 1671 года) — хорватский политик, общественный деятель и поэт. Принадлежал к одному из самых влиятельных и знатных хорватских дворянских родов — Франкопанам. Казнён за участие в антигабсбургском заговоре Зринских-Франкопана.



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