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Guillaume Budé (French: [ɡijom byde]; Latinized as Guilielmus Budaeus; 1468 – 1540) was a French scholar and humanist. He was involved in the founding of Collegium Trilingue, which later became the Collège de France.

Guillaume Budé
Guillaume Budé, c. 1536 portrait by Jean Clouet
Born1468
Paris, Kingdom of France
Died1540(1540-00-00) (aged 72–73)
Paris, Kingdom of France
Other namesGuilielmus Budaeus
Alma materUniversity of Orléans
EraRenaissance philosophy
RegionWestern philosophy
SchoolRenaissance humanism
InstitutionsCollegium Trilingue
Academic advisorsJanus Lascaris[1]
George Hermonymus[1]
Notable studentsMelchior Wolmar
John Colet
Main interests
Law

Budé was also the first keeper of the royal library at the Palace of Fontainebleau, which was later moved to Paris, where it became the Bibliothèque nationale de France. He was an ambassador to Rome and held several important judicial and civil administrative posts.


Life


Budé was born in Paris. He went to the University of Orléans to study law, but for several years, having ample means, he led an idle and dissipated life. When about twenty-four years of age, he was seized with a sudden passion for study, and made rapid progress, particularly in Latin and Ancient Greek.[2]

The work which gained him greatest reputation was his De Asse et Partibus Eius (1514), a treatise on ancient coins and measures. He was held in high esteem by Francis I, who was persuaded by him, and by Jean du Bellay, Bishop of Narbonne, to found the Collegium Trilingue (afterwards the Collège de France) and the library at Fontainebleau, which was removed to Paris and was the origin of the Bibliothèque Nationale.

He also induced Francis to refrain from prohibiting printing in France, which had been advised by the Sorbonne in 1533. Earlier, he had been sent by Louis XII to Rome as ambassador to Leo X, and in 1522 was appointed maître des requêtes and was several times prévôt des marchands.[2]


Death


Before his death in Paris, he requested to be buried at night, and his widow's open profession of Protestantism at Geneva (where she retired after his death), caused him to be suspected of leanings towards Calvinism.[2]

Sections of his correspondence with Erasmus also suggest this religious inclination. At the time of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, the members of his family were obliged to flee from France. Some took refuge in Switzerland, where they worthily upheld the traditions of their house, while others settled in Swedish Pomerania under the name Budde or Buddeus (see Johann Franz Buddeus).[2]

Budé was also the author of Annotationes in XXIV. libros Pandectarum (1508), which, by the application of philology and history, had a great influence on the study of Roman law, and of Commentarii linguae Graecae (1529), an extensive collection of lexicographical notes, which contributed greatly to the study of Greek literature in France.[2] Epistolae (1520, 8vo) is a collection that contains only a small part of the voluminous correspondence of Bude, written in Greek with remarkable purity.

Budé corresponded with the most learned men of his time, amongst them Erasmus, who called him the "marvel of France", and Thomas More. He wrote with equal facility in Greek and Latin.[2]


Works


Libri V de Asse et partibus ejus, 1522
Libri V de Asse et partibus ejus, 1522

Family


Guillaume was the son of Jean Budé (d. 1502) and Catherine Le Picart. He married Roberte Le Lieur when she was about 15 years old.[3] Their children included:[4]


See also



Notes


  1. Gerald Sandy (ed.), The Classical Heritage in France, Brill, 2002, p. 58.
  2.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Budé, Guillaume". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 749–750.
  3. McNeil, David O. (1975). Guillaume Bude and Humanism in the Reign of Francis I. Google Books: Geneve Librairie Droz. p. 7. ISBN 9782600030571. Retrieved 20 May 2015.
  4. Sylie Charton le Clech, Chancellerie et Culture (1993), 324

References





На других языках


[de] Guillaume Budé

Guillaume Budé (latinisiert Guglielmus Budaeus; * 26. Januar 1468 in Paris; † 20. August 1540 ebenda) war ein französischer Jurist, Philologe, Humanist, Diplomat und Bibliothekar am Hof von Franz I. Er stand in engem Austausch mit anderen Humanisten der Zeit, darunter Erasmus von Rotterdam und Thomas Morus.
- [en] Guillaume Budé

[ru] Бюде, Гийом

Гийом Бюде́ (фр. Guillaume Budé; 26 января 1467, Париж — 22 августа 1540, там же) — французский филолог-классик, крупнейший знаток греческого языка эпохи Ренессанса, основатель Коллеж де Франс и библиотеки в Фонтенбло (давшей начало Национальной библиотеке Франции).



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