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Friedrich Gustav Schilling (3 November 1805 – March 1880) was a German musicologist, editor and lexicographer.

Not to be confused with Gustav Schilling.

Life


Born in Schwiegershausen [de], Schilling was the son of a cantor and village schoolteacher and performed as a pianist at the age of ten. From 1823, he attended the University of Göttingen, studied theology there, and probably obtained a doctorate in philosophy.[1] In 1826, he went to the University of Halle, where he finished his studies. In 1830, he settled as a piano teacher in Stuttgart and became director of the music institute founded by Franz Stöpel.

He published numerous books on music and music education, in which he advocated a value-conservative-classical view of art, according to which the "perfection of mankind"[2] The standard of all art, connected with the popular educational ideal, was that music practice and music knowledge could be learned by all, if one only applied the right system. He became best known through the Encyclopädie der gesammten musikalischen Wissenschaften (1835-1838), which he edited and in which numerous important musicians and scholars of the time participated. In some of his writings he was already accused by his contemporaries of plagiat.[3][4][5][6][7][8] For example, his main work Versuch einer Philosophie des Schönen in der Musik (1838) draws on Carl Seidel's Charinomos. Beiträge zur allgemeinen Theorie und Geschichte der schönen Künste (two volumes, Magdeburg 1825 and 1828).[9] In part, he also plagiarised himself. In addition to plagiarism, contemporaries also criticised factual errors and unverified adoptions from other works in Schilling's encyclopaedias.[10] The criticisms, among others by Heinrich Dorn and Carl Ferdinand Becker, resulted in public polemics, which were published in the Neue Zeitschrift für Musik edited by Robert Schumann and in the Jahrbüchern des deutschen National-Vereins für Musik und ihre Wissenschaften edited by Schilling.[11]

In 1839, Schilling founded the "Deutscher National-Verein für Musik und ihre Wissenschaft" (German National Association for Music and its Science) and won the Kassel Kapellmeister Louis Spohr for the presidency.[12] He became permanent secretary of this association and responsible editor of the Jahrbücher des Deutschen Nationalvereins für Musik und ihre Wissenschaft, which appeared from 1839 to 1843.[13]

He fled Stuttgart on 1 April 1857,[14] and travelled via Liverpool to the US, where he found shelter with one of his sons.[15][16][17] He lived first in New York, then in Canada, and finally in Nebraska, on his son's farm.[18] For debts amounting to 150,000 florins and forgery of bills of exchange, he was sentenced on 23 December 1862 "to a penal servitude of ten years."[19] However, extradition to Germany failed.

Schilling died in Crete, Nebraska.


Work



Works under the pseudonym "Dr. G. Penny"



References


  1. Robert Eitner, Karl Ernst Hermann Krause (1890), "Schilling, Gustav", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB) (in German), vol. 31, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 256–259, p. 257.
  2. Gustav Schilling: Versuch einer Philosophie des Schönen in der Musik oder Ästhetik der Tonkunst, Mainz 1838
  3. Rudolf Maria Bernhard von Stillfried-Alcantara, T. Märcker: Hohenzollerische Forschungen. Part I: Swabian Research. Reimarus, Berlin 1847, p. 29 (Numerized).
  4. F. Hand: Warning. In Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, vol. 40, column 807 (about Schilling's Aesthetik der Tonkunst) Gustav Schilling is available for free download at the Internet Archive
  5. Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, vol. 14 (about Schilling's Polyphonomos; Numerized).
  6. Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, vol. 43 (Numerized).
  7. Musikalisch-kritisches Repertorium, vol. 2 (Numerized).
  8. Allgemeine Press-Zeitung, vol. 2, 1841, p. 141 (Numerized).
  9. Musik in Baden-Württemberg, vol. 17 (Jahrbuch 2010), Strube-Verlag, Munich, pp. 107–113; also important articles of the Encyclopädie (for example "Ästhetik" and "Acteur") adopt Seidel's text passages without indicating the source.
  10. See for example Neue Zeitschrift für Musik, 9 February 1836, p. 52 (Numerized).
  11. Annegret Rosenmüller: Carl Ferdinand Becker (1804–1877). Studien zu Leben und Werk (Musikstadt Leipzig, vol. 4), Hamburg 2000, p. 69; weiterführend zu der sog. "Schilling-Affäre" vgl. ebd., pp. 69–77.
  12. Jahrbücher des Deutschen Nationalvereins für Musik und ihre Wissenschaft. Erster Jahrgang 1839, March 1839, p. 4; Digitalisat: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek (BSB) München
  13. Robert Eitner, Karl Ernst Hermann Krause (1890), "Schilling, Gustav", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB) (in German), vol. 31, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 256–259
  14. Signale für die musikalische Welt, Jg. 15, Nr. 19 of 7 May 1857, p. 213 (Robert Eitner, Karl Ernst Hermann Krause (1890), "Schilling, Gustav", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB) (in German), vol. 31, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 256–259
  15. Die Bayerische Landbötin [de], 1860 (Numerized).
  16. Augsburger Tagblatt, 1860, 1/4 (Numerized).
  17. Bremer Sonntagsblatt. Organ des Künstlervereins, Vol. 5 (Numerized).
  18. Signals for the Musical World No. 37, 1880, p. 589 (Numerized), Musikalisches Wochenblatt of 9 April 1880, p. 202 (Numerized).
  19. Bayerischer Kurier, No. 359, 31 December 1862, p. 2555 (books.google.com).
  20. Schilling lüftete das Pseudonym „Dr. G. Penny“ in seinem Versuch einer Philosophie des Schönen in der Musik…, Mainz 1838, p. 644.

Further reading





На других языках

[de] Gustav Schilling

Friedrich Gustav Schilling (* 3. November 1805 in Schwiegershausen; † März 1880 in Crete, Nebraska) war ein deutscher Musikschriftsteller, Herausgeber und Lexikograph.
- [en] Gustav Schilling (musicologist)

[ru] Шиллинг, Густав

Густав Шиллинг (3 ноября 1805 — март 1880[2]) — немецкий доктор философии, музыковед, лексикограф музыки и писатель о музыке.


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