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Heinrich Steinhöwel (also Steinhäuel or Steinheil; 1412 – 1482) was a Swabian author, humanist, and translator who was much inspired by the Italian Renaissance. His translations of medical treatises and fiction were an important contribution to early Renaissance Humanism in Germany.[1]

Heinrich Steinhöwel
Born	1412 Weil der Stadt
Died	1482 Ulm
Occupation	Translator
Nationality	German
Period	15th century

Biography

Steinhöwel studied at the University of Vienna in 1429, where he earned his Bachelor of Arts degree on July 13, 1432, and eventually his Master's Degree in 1436. He moved to Padua in 1438 and studied canon law, but later devoted himself to medicine. He graduated in 1440.[2] In 1442 he was an academic rector in Padua, and in 1444 he taught at the University of Heidelberg as rector magnificus.

In 1449 Steinhöwel was a physician in Esslingen and a year later in Ulm. Sometime after 1460 he became the personal physician of Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg.[3]

Steinhöwel's fame comes from translating a legendary biography description of the life of Aesop and Aesop's Fables which he put into a Latin-German encyclopedic version called "Ulmer Aesop" first published in Ulm in 1476.[4] In 1477-78 he published in Augsburg from Günther Zainer a large edition of Aesop's Fables with many woodcuts.[5] In 1480 he published a German translation of Aesop's Fables based on fables of Avianus, Babrius, Romulus, and Alfred[6] which inspired other translations of later centuries in various languages worldwide.[7]

Steinhöwel also translated many works of Petrarch and Giovanni Boccaccio. In 1473 he published a translated version of Boccaccio's De mulieribus claris printed by Johann Zainer in Ulm.[8] He also translated stories based on material of the works of Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini and Petrus Alphonsi.[6] His material was popular not only in Germany but in England, France, and the Netherlands. Steinhöwel was the center of a circle of German humanists.[9]

Footnotes

References

Primary sources

• Apollonius of Tire, 1471
• German Chronicle, 1473
• Mirror of human life (Rodriguez Sanchez de Arevalo), 1472
• Booklet from the pestilence, ("regimes Pestilentiae"), 1473
• Guiscardo and Sigismunda (translation of Boccaccio), 1473
• Griseldis (translation of the Latin of Boccaccio after Petrarch), 1473
• History of the cruise Gottfried Duke (translation of R. Monachus), 1461
• Of the sinnrychen erluchten Wyben (after Boccaccio's De mulieribus claris), 1473
• Esopus (fables of Aesop and Petrus Alfonsi and Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini), 1476–80

Further reading

•  Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Aesop's Fables among the Jews". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
• Folktales of the Jews By Dov Noy, Ellen Frankel, Dan Ben-Amos

На других языках

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[de] Heinrich Steinhöwel

Heinrich Steinhöwel, auch Steinhäuel oder Steinheil (* 1410/1411 in Weil der Stadt; † 1. März 1479 in Ulm) war ein deutscher Arzt, frühhumanistischer Übersetzer und Schriftsteller. Ab 1450 wirkte er als Stadtarzt in Ulm.

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- [en] Heinrich Steinhöwel

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