fiction.wikisort.org - Writer

José Hernández (born José Rafael Hernández y Pueyrredón; November 10, 1834 – October 21, 1886) was an Argentine journalist, poet, and politician best known as the author of the epic poem Martín Fierro.

Biography

Hernández, whose ancestry was Spanish, was born on a farm near San Martín (Buenos Aires Province). His father was a majordomo or foreman of a series of cattle ranches. His career was to be an alternation between stints on the Federal side in the civil wars of Argentina and Uruguay and life as a newspaperman, a short stint as an employee of a commercial firm, and a period as stenographer to the legislature of the Confederation.

Hernández founded the newspaper El Río de la Plata, which advocated local autonomy, abolition of the conscripted "frontier contingents", and election of justices of the peace, military commanders, and school boards. He opposed immigration, because he believed it undermined the pastoral foundation of the region's wealth. He envisioned a federal republic based in pastoralism, but also featuring a strong system of education and a literate population.

Although a federalist opposed to the centralizing, modernizing, and Europeanizing tendencies of Argentine president Domingo Sarmiento, Hernández was no apologist for General Juan Manuel de Rosas, whom he characterized as a tyrant and a despot.

Hernández is known today almost exclusively for his masterpiece Martín Fierro, the epic poem that stands as the pinnacle of gauchesque literature. The poem was apparently begun during a period of exile in Brazil following the defeat at Ñaembé (1870) and was published in two parts (in 1872 and 1879).

Hernández died of heart disease October 21, 1886, in Belgrano, which was at that time a separate suburb, and is currently a neighborhood of the city of Buenos Aires.

He was buried in La Recoleta Cemetery in Buenos Aires.

References

• Jorge Luis Borges, "José Hernández", in El Martín Fierro (ISBN 8420619337)

External links

• Media related to José Hernández at Wikimedia Commons
• Works by José Hernández at Project Gutenberg
• Works by or about José Hernández at Internet Archive
• Works by José Hernández at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
• Historical-biographical study on José Hernández, epílogue to the full text of Martín Fierro (Ida y Vuelta), pages 474 to 495 of the 1995 online edition of the poem (free access) by the Buenos Aires City Govt. (Spanish).

На других языках

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- [en] José Hernández (writer)

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[es] José Hernández

José Rafael Hernández (Chacras de Perdriel, 10 de noviembre de 1834-Buenos Aires, 21 de octubre de 1886) fue un poeta, político, periodista y militar argentino, especialmente conocido como el autor del Martín Fierro, obra máxima de la literatura gauchesca. En su homenaje, el 10 de noviembre se festeja en la Argentina el Día de la Tradición.

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[fr] José Hernández (poète)

José Hernández (10 novembre 1834 — 21 octobre 1886) est un poète, journaliste et homme politique argentin considéré comme le poète national du pays.

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[ru] Эрнандес, Хосе

Хо́се Рафаэль Эрна́ндес-и-Пуэйрредо́н (исп. José Rafael Hernández y Pueyrredón; 10 ноября 1834, Пуэйрредон, провинция Буэнос-Айрес — 26 октября 1886, Бельграно, пригород Буэнос-Айреса) — великий латиноамериканский поэт, талантливый журналист. Учредитель газеты «El Rio de la Plata». Эрнандес обессмертил образ ла-платского скитальца-гаучо в поэме «Гаучо Мартин Фьерро». Творческое наследие Хосе Эрнандеса является общим достоянием испаноязычных народов Ла-Платы — аргентинцев и уругвайцев.

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