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Louise von Gall (19 September 1815, Darmstadt – 16 March 1855, Augsburg) was a nineteenth-century German bluestocking novelist and social critic. Her two novels and other works went against the traditions of German literature, by addressing the new problems created by the technological and economic developments of her times.[1]

Life

Johanna Udalrike Louise Gerhardine Freiin von Gall was the posthumous daughter of Hessian General Ludwig Friedrich Christian Wilhelm Philipp von Gall.[2] Her mother, Friedrike (née von Müller), lost three brothers and her husband within a few years.[1] She raised Louise in Darmstadt. As an only child, Louise was the focus of her widowed mother's attention: "Ich war nun ihr Alles, ihr Einziges, Erstes und Letztes". She studied Byron and Shakespeare and was tutored in English, French and Italian; then at the age of fifteen boarded at a school in the Schenkendorfstraße in Mannheim. [3]

With her mother, Louise von Gall made several trips to Vienna at the age of 25 to train in singing. She found she was not confident with larger audiences, but met an editor who published her first works under her pen name "Louis Leo". After her mother's death in 1841 she traveled to Hungary, a trip she later drew on for her novel Gegen den Strom.

On her return to Darmstadt, she became friends with Ida and Ferdinand Freiligrath, an established writer who was to go on to become a business partner of Karl Marx. They spent the summer of 1842 together in Sankt Goar, where the Freiligrath's circle included German writers and the American author Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Many expected a romance to blossom between von Gall and Longfellow; while it did not, "he was tempted".[4]

Freiligrath's next attempt at matchmaking was to suggest that she begin a correspondence with writer Levin Schücking. After nine months of an increasingly intense emotional and intellectual exchange, they finally met, and married only three months later.[5][6]

Louise von Gall followed her husband at all stages of his eventful writer's life. They moved to Augsburg for him to become literary editor of the liberal Augsburger Allgemeine Zeitung, where she joined in the debates and discussion of its staff.

The Shückings had five children together:

• Lothar, born on 19 December 1844, in Augsburg;
• Gerhardine, born 10 January 1846, in Cologne;
• Theophanie ("Theo"), born 19 April 1850;
• Adrian, born 13 July 1852; and
• Adolfine, born 19 September 1854, who died on 9 December 1854.

In September 1852, the family moved to Sassenberg in Warendorf, where Louise Schücking felt alien and unhappy, as a Protestant in a strict Catholic environment. An attempt in the autumn of 1853 to settle again in Darmstadt failed. Louise Schücking died at the age of 40, and against her express wish she was buried in Sassenberg. Her grave there is preserved in front of the church.

Works

As Louise von Gall, Louise Schücking wrote several plays and two novels. Between 1840 and 1854 she worked on several magazines and almanacs.

Her works "drew attention to the injustice suffered by the greater part of the population, as a consequence of the unconcern of the rulers for the welfare of their subjects. She denounced the caste system from which she sprang, [and] did not shrink from making public her thoughts on matters of liberty and justice for all, including the rights of women".[1]

Louise von Gall's publications include:

• Frauennovellen, 2 vols., Darmstadt: Jonghans, 1845
• Gegen den Strom. Roman, 2 vols., Bremen: Schlodtmann 1851

Against the Current. Set during the political turmoil in Austria and Hungary in 1848, this novel shows "her angry impatience with the political somnolence of her [German] compatriots'[1]^: 35 Almost without exception, the male characters are "vain, pompous, devious and tyrannical"; the heroine pronounces on the disadvantages suffered by women and the dangers of marriage: "Die Ehe ist ... das Grab der Liebe" - "Marriage is the grave of love".[1]^{: 48 - 49}

• Der neue Kreuzritter. Roman, Berlin: A. Duncker, 1853

An idealistic baron proposes radical social reform. He suggests to the Pope that Europe's vast standing armies could be reduced, and that the states should instead fund housing health care and justice. Even rehabilitation of prisoners is proposed - all very radical ideas for the 1840s.[1]^: 38

• (with Levin Schücking) Familienbilder, 2 vols., Prague: Kober, 1854
• (with Levin Schücking) Familien-Geschichten, 2 vols., Prague: Kober, 1854

References

Attribution

• Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Schücking, Levin" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
• Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Schücking, Levin" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

Further reading

• Powell, Hugh, Louise von Gall: Her World and her Work, 1993

External links

• "Schücking, Louise", Hessisches Landesamt für geschichtliche Landeskunde
• "Louise von Gall (Johanna Udalrike Louise Freiin von Gall)", schuecking-museum.de

На других языках

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- [en] Louise von Gall

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[ru] Шюкинг, Луиза

Иоганна Удальрика Луиза Герхардина Шюкинг (нем. Johanna Udalrike Louise Gerhardine Schücking, урождённая баронесса фон Галль; 15 сентября 1815 (1815-09-15), Дармштадт — 16 марта 1855, Зассенберг) — германская писательница, супруга писателя Левина Шюкинга.

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