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Lucian Blaga (Romanian: [lut͡ʃiˈan ˈblaɡa] (listen); 9 May 1895 – 6 May 1961) was a Romanian philosopher, poet, playwright, poetry translator and novelist. He was a commanding personality of the Romanian culture of the interbellum period.

Lucian Blaga
Blaga's portrait, Museum of the Romanian Peasant
Born(1895-05-09)9 May 1895
Lámkerék, Szeben County, Austro-Hungarian Empire (today Lancrăm, Alba County, Romania)
Died6 May 1961(1961-05-06) (aged 65)
Cluj, Cluj Region, Romanian People's Republic (today Cluj-Napoca, Romania)
Resting placeLancrăm, Sebeș Municipality, Alba County, Romania
Alma materUniversity of Vienna
Occupationlinguist, poet, translator, philosopher, writer, journalist, diplomat
Notable workPoems of light
Political partyNational Christian Party
Movement
  • modernism
  • expressionism
SpouseCornelia Brediceanu
ChildrenDorli Blaga
Parents
  • Isidor Blaga (father)
  • Ana Moga (mother)
AwardsHamagiu Award (1935)

Biography


Blaga was born on 9 May 1895 in Lámkerék (now Lancrăm), near Gyulafehérvár (now Alba Iulia), Kingdom of Hungary, Austria-Hungary, his father being an Orthodox priest. He later described his early childhood, in the autobiographical The Chronicle and the Song of Ages, as "under the sign of the incredible absence of the word".

His elementary education was in Hungarian at Szászsebes (now Sebeș) (1902–1906), after which he attended the "Andrei Șaguna" Highschool in Brassó (now Brașov) (1906–1914), under the supervision of a relative, Iosif Blaga (Lucian's father had died when the former was 13), who was the author of the first Romanian treatise on the theory of drama. At the outbreak of the First World War, he began theological studies at Nagyszeben (now Sibiu), where he graduated in 1917. He published his first philosophy article on the Bergson theory of subjective time. From 1917 to 1920, he attended courses at the University of Vienna, where he studied philosophy and obtained his PhD.

Upon returning to Transylvania, now a part of Romania, he contributed to the Romanian press, being the editor of the magazines Culture in Cluj and The Banat in Lugoj.

In 1926, he became involved in Romanian diplomacy, occupying successive posts at Romania's legations in Warsaw, Prague, Lisbon, Bern and Vienna. His political protector was the famous poet Octavian Goga, who was briefly a prime minister; Blaga was a relative of his wife. He was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy in 1936. His acceptance speech was entitled Elogiul satului românesc (In Praise of the Romanian Village).

In 1939, he became professor of cultural philosophy at the University of Cluj, temporarily located in Sibiu in the years following the Second Vienna Award. During his stay in Sibiu, he edited, beginning in 1943, the annual magazine Saeculum.

He was dismissed from his university professor chair in 1948 because he refused to express his support to the new Communist regime and he worked as librarian for the Cluj branch of the History Institute of the Romanian Academy. He was forbidden to publish new books, and until 1960 he was allowed to publish only translations. He completed the translation of Faust, the masterpiece of Goethe, one of the German writers that influenced him most.

In 1956, he was nominated to the Nobel Prize for Literature[citation needed] on the proposal of Bazil Munteanu of France and Rosa del Conte of Italy, but it seems the idea was Mircea Eliade's. Still, the Romanian Communist government sent two emissaries to Sweden to protest against the nomination,[citation needed] because Blaga was considered an idealist philosopher, and his poems were forbidden until 1962.[citation needed]

He was diagnosed with cancer and died on 6 May 1961. He was buried on his birthday, 9 May, in the countryside village cemetery of Lancrăm, Romania.

Blaga with his daughter
Blaga with his daughter

He was married to Cornelia (née Brediceanu).[1] They had a daughter, Dorli, her name being derived from dor, a noun that can be translated, roughly, as "longing".

The University of Sibiu bears his name today.


Literature


Blaga on a 2018 stamp sheet of Romania
Blaga on a 2018 stamp sheet of Romania

Poetry


Mirabila samanta:


Drama



Philosophy


His philosophical work is grouped in four trilogies:

The fourth work, Cosmologica, was completed but not published at the time because of communist regime censorship. Before death, Blaga left an editorial testament on how his works are to be published posthumously [2]

The novel Charon's Ferry is intended to be a companion to the philosophical trilogies. In it Blaga addresses some of the more problematic philosophical issues such as those pertaining to political, (para)psychological or occult phenomena, under the name of a fictive philosopher (Leonte Pătrașcu).[3]


Philosophical works



Other works



Presence in English language anthologies



References


  1. Cornelia Blaga-Brediceanu, diplomat la Parisa. romanialibera.ro (22 January 2010)
  2. Blaga, Lucian (2013). Trilogia cunoasterii. Bucharest: Editura Humanitas. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-973-50-3575-4.
  3. Blaga, Lucian (2013). Trilogia cunoasterii. Bucharest: Editura Humanitas. p. 8. ISBN 978-973-50-3575-4.

Bibliography





На других языках


[de] Lucian Blaga

Lucian Blaga ( Aussprache?/i; * 9. Mai 1895 in Lancrăm; † 6. Mai 1961 in Cluj) war ein rumänischer Philosoph, Journalist, Dichter, Übersetzer, Wissenschaftler und Diplomat. 1936 wurde er zum Mitglied der Rumänischen Akademie ernannt.
- [en] Lucian Blaga

[es] Lucian Blaga

Lucian Blaga (1895-1961) fue un poeta, dramaturgo y filósofo rumano. Es considerado uno de los grandes poetas rumanos del siglo XX (identificándose como estilo con el expresionismo) y es el primer filósofo rumano que desarrolló un sistema. Aplicó sus teorías filosóficas en varias poesías, especialmente el "conocimiento luciferico" (opuesto al conocimiento racional, científico, que representa la luz, la claridad y que de esta manera destruye los misterios del universo). Fue elegido miembro de la Academia Rumana en 1936 y en 1956 fue nominado por la Academia Sueca para recibir el premio Nobel de Literatura.

[fr] Lucian Blaga

Lucian Blaga (né à Lámkerék, comitat de Szeben, le 9 mai 1895 et mort à Cluj, en Roumanie, le 6 mai 1961) est un philosophe, théologien et poète roumain. Il était membre de l'Académie roumaine.

[ru] Блага, Лучиан

Лучиан Блага (рум. Lucian Blaga; 9 мая 1895, Ланкрэм, Алба — 9 мая 1961, Клуж) — румынский философ, поэт, переводчик, драматург, журналист, профессор университета, дипломат, одна из крупнейших фигур румынской культуры XX века.



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