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Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov (Russian: Михаи́л Лео́нович Гаспа́ров, April 13, 1935 in Moscow – November 7, 2005 in Moscow) was a Russian philologist and translator, renowned for his studies in classical philology and the history of versification, and a member of the informal Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1957 and worked at the Gorky Institute of World Literature, the Russian State University for the Humanities, and the Russian Language Institute in Moscow. In 1992 Gasparov was elected a full member of the Russian Academy of Science.[1]

In 1995, Mikhail Gasparov was awarded the State Prize of the Russian Federation.

In 1997, he shared the Little Booker Prize with Aleksandr Goldstein for their publications analysing Russian literature from a historical-philosophical point of view.[2]

In 1999, Gasparov was awarded the Andrei Bely Prize for his essay collection Notes and excerpts (Russian: Записи и выписки).[3][4] Gasparov was also a poet. He published translations of classical and modern European poetry, yet only one of his own poems was published during his lifetime.[3]

Gasparov was a member of the editorial board of Literary Monuments (Russian: Литературные памятники) book series, journals Journal of Ancient History (Russian: Вестник древней истории), Literary Research (Russian: Литературоведение), Elementa (United States), and Rossica Romana (Italy).[5]

Mikhail Gasparov published about 300 articles, translations and other works, including the monographs Fable in Antiquity (Russian: Античная литературная басня, 1971), Modern Russian Versification (Russian: Современный русский стих. Метрика и ритмика, 1974), Overview of the History of Russian Versification (Russian: Очерк истории русского стиха: Метрика, ритмика, рифма, строфика, 1984), Overview of the History of European Versification (Russian: Очерк истории европейского стиха, 1989).[6]

During his last years Gasparov was actively engaged in publishing the collected works of the Russian poet Osip Mandelstam.[6]

Commemorating Mikhail Gasparov, the Russian State University for the Humanities organises annual conferences dedicated to the main fields of Gasparov's academic research -- classical philology and Russian literature of the 19th and early 20th centuries.[7]

Publications

• Gasparov M. L. A History of European Versification (transl. by G. S. Smith & Marina Tarlinskaja). Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. ISBN 0-19-815879-3.

• West, M. L. Review of A History of European Versification by M. L. Gasparov; G. S. Smith; M. Tarlinskaja. The Classical Review, New Series, Vol. 47, No. 2 (1997), pp. 431-432.
• Pensom, Roger. Review of A History of European Versification by M. L. Gasparov; G. S. Smith; M. Tarlinskaya. The Modern Language Review, Vol. 94, No. 1 (Jan., 1999), pp. 284-285.

Articles in periodicals

• Gasparov, Mikhail L. (2019). "The Evolution of Russian Rhyme". Journal of Literary Theory. 13 (1): 77–115. doi:10.1515/jlt-2019-0003. S2CID 151001595.
• Gasparov, Mikhail; Wachtel, Michael (2018). "The Semantic Aura of Pushkin's Trochaic Tetrameter". Pushkin Review / Пушкинский вестник. 20: 55–66. doi:10.1353/pnr.2018.0003. JSTOR 48604238. S2CID 192525511.
• (with M. Lotman, P. Rudnev, M. Tarlinskaja) Tarlinskaja, Marina; Rudnev, Pyotr; Lotman, Mihhail; Gasparov, Mikhail (2017). "Approaches to verse theory in the works of Jaak Põldmäe". Studia Metrica et Poetica. 4 (1): 130–149. doi:10.12697/smp.2017.4.1.06.
• Gasparov, Mikhail (2016). "Boris Yarkho's works on literary theory". Studia Metrica et Poetica. 3 (2): 130–150. doi:10.12697/smp.2016.3.2.05.
• Gasparov, M. L.; Wachtel, Michael (2015). "On Bakhtin, Philosophy, and Philology: Two Essays". PMLA. 130 (1): 129–142. doi:10.1632/pmla.2015.130.1.129. JSTOR 44015690. S2CID 161278172.
• (with M. Tarlinskaja) Gasparov, M. L.; Tarlinskaja, Marina (2008). "The Linguistics of Verse". The Slavic and East European Journal. 52 (2): 198–207. JSTOR 20459662.
• "The Semantic Halo of the Russian Trochaic Pentameter: Thirty Years of the Problem". Elementa. 2 (3–4): 191–214. 1996.
• "Incompleteness and symmetry in Herodotus' History". Культурология: The Petersburg Journal of Cultural Studies. 1 (1): 42–49. 1993.
• "M.M. Bajtín en la cultura rusa del siglo XX". Criterios (Edición especial): 19–22. 1993.
• Gasparov, M. L.; Tarlinskaja, Marina (1987). "A Probability Model of Verse (English, Latin, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese)". Style. 21 (3): 322–358. JSTOR 42946210.
• "M.M. Bakhtin in Russian Culture of the Twentieth Century". Studies in Twentieth Century Literature. 9 (1): 169–176. 1984. doi:10.4148/2334-4415.1158.

Contributions to books

• 'Columbus’s Egg, or the Structure of the Novella', in Persistent Forms: Explorations in Historical Poetics, ed. I. Kliger, B. Maslov. New York, 2016, 392-396
• 'An Anthology without Names: 88 Contemporary Poems Selected by Z. Gippius', in Liber, fragmenta, libellus prima e dopo Petrarca: in ricordo di D'Arco Silvio Avalle: seminario internazionale di studi, Bergamo, 23-25 ottobre 2003, ed. F. Lo Monaco, L. C. Rossi, N. Scaffai. Firenze, 2006, 405-409
• 'Quantitative Methods in Russian Metrics: Achievements and Prospects', in Metre, Rhythm, Stanza, Rhyme, ed. G. Smith. Colchester, 1980. (Russian Poetics in Translation, 7), 1–19
• 'Light and Heavy Verse Lines', in Metre, Rhythm, Stanza, Rhyme, ed. G. Smith. Colchester, 1980. (Russian Poetics in Translation, 7), 31–44
• 'Towards an Analysis of Russian Inexact Rhyme', in Metre, Rhythm, Stanza, Rhyme, ed. G. Smith. Colchester, 1980. (Russian Poetics in Translation, 7), 61–75

Bibliography

• Wachtel, Michael (2006). Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov (13 April 1935-7 November 2005). Slavonica 12 (1), 73–76.
• Emerson, C. ' In Honor of Mikhail Gasparov’s Quarter-Century of Not Liking Bakhtin: Pro and Contra', in Poetics. Self. Place. Essays in Honor of Anna Lisa Crone , ed. C. O’Neil, N. Boudreau, S. Krive (Slavica Publishers, 2007), 26-49
• Kirschbaum, H. (2008) 'The Poetics of Paraphrase: The Positivist Postmodernism in Mikhail Gasparov’s “Experimental Translations”', in Russian Language Journal 58 (1): 47-68
• Frontiers in Comparative Prosody. In memoriam: Mikhail Gasparov , ed. M. Lotman, M.-K. Lotman. Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, 2011 ISBN 9783034303736
• Emerson, C. (2016) 'Creative ways of not liking Bakhtin: Lydia Ginzburg and Mikhail Gasparov'. Bakhtiniana 11 (1): 39–69

References

External links

• From Gasparov's book Записи и выписки
• Wachtel, Michael (2006). Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov (13 April 1935-7 November 2005). Slavonica 12 (1), 73–76.
• Brief memorial by Marina Tarlinskaja, friend, colleague, and translator

See also

• Culturology
• Vyacheslav Ivanov (philologist)
• Aron Gurevich
• Alexander Dobrokhotov

На других языках

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- [en] Mikhail Gasparov

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[fr] Mikhaïl Gasparov

Mikhaïl Leonovitch Gasparov, né le 13 avril 1935 à Moscou (URSS) et mort le 7 novembre 2005 à Moscou (Fédération de Russie), est un philologue classique, historien de la littérature antique et de la poésie russe, traducteur, essayiste, poète et théoricien de la littérature qui fut membre de l'académie des sciences de Russie. Mikhaïl Gasparov est l'auteur de travaux fondamentaux sur la poésie russe et européenne.

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[ru] Гаспаров, Михаил Леонович

Михаи́л Лео́нович Гаспа́ров (13 апреля 1935, Москва — 7 ноября 2005, там же) — советский и российский литературовед и филолог-классик. Автор фундаментальных работ о русском и европейском стихе; историк античной литературы и русской поэзии, переводчик (с древних и новых языков), стиховед, теоретик литературы, эссеист и поэт. Академик РАН (1992, член-корреспондент АН СССР с 1990), доктор филологических наук (1979).

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