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Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Busch[1][2] (22 January 1900 – 8 June 1980) was a German singer and actor.

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Ernst Busch
Busch in 1946
Born	(1900-01-22)22 January 1900 Kiel, German Empire
Died	8 June 1980(1980-06-08) (aged 80) Bernburg, East Germany
Occupation	Singer, actor
Spouse	Eva Zimmermann
Awards	Lenin Peace Prize

Biography

Busch originated from a Kiel worker family. He started in life as a shipyard worker before he decided to make use of his acting and singing talent.[3][4]

Busch first rose to prominence as an interpreter of political songs, particularly those of Kurt Tucholsky, in the Berlin Kabarett scene of the 1920s. He starred in the original 1928 production of Bertolt Brecht's Threepenny Opera, as well as the subsequent 1931 film by Georg Wilhelm Pabst. He also appeared in the movie Kuhle Wampe.

A lifelong communist, Busch fled Nazi Germany in 1933, accompanied by his wife, Eva Busch, and with the Gestapo on his heels, initially settling in the Netherlands. By 1938 they had divorced, without acrimony, as their lives diverged.[5] Eva settled in Paris while Ernst initially made his home in the Soviet Union where he worked with Gustav von Wangenheim on the 1935 film "Kämpfer" ("Fighters"). In 1937 he joined the International Brigades to fight against the Nationalists in Spain. His wartime songs were then recorded and broadcast by Radio Barcelona and Radio Madrid. After the Spanish Republic fell to General Franco, Busch migrated to Belgium where he was interned during the German occupation and later imprisoned in Camp Gurs, France and Berlin. Freed by the Red Army in 1945, he settled in East Berlin, where he acted in the first play to be produced in the American-occupied zone, Robert Ardrey's Thunder Rock.[6][7] He would go on to start his own record label and work with Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator at the "Berliner Ensemble". A beloved figure in the German Democratic Republic, he is best remembered for his performance in the title role of Brecht's Life of Galileo and his recordings of workers songs, including many written by Hanns Eisler. He also made a memorable recording of "Peat Bog Soldiers".

Recordings of Spanish Civil War songs (incomplete list)

From "Canciones de las Brigadas Internacionales" and "Solidarität".

• Adelante Campesinos
• Am Rio Jarama – "On the Jarama Front"
• Ballade der XI Brigade on YouTube / Lied von der XI Brigade – "Song of the XIth Brigade"
• Los Campesinos – "The Peasants"
• Las Compañías de Acero
• Los Cuatro Generales
• Himno de Riego / Riego Hymne – "Colonel Riego's Hymn"
• Hans Beimler
• Des Lied von der Einheitsfront' / Einheitsfrontlied
• Lied der Internationalen Brigaden' / Lied Der Interbrigaden – "Song of the International Brigades"
• Mamita Mia
• Die Moorsoldaten – "Peat Bog Soldiers"
• Nuestra Bandera – "Our Flag"
• Peter, Mein Kamerad – "Peter, My Comrade"
• "Spaniens Himmel" or "Die Thälmann-Kolonne" – "Spain's Heaven" or "The Thälmann Battalion"[8] (Page 30f)

Recordings of Second World War and other songs (incomplete list)

• Ach Ihr Wege
• Alle Waffen gegen Hitler
• Ami go home
• Aufbaulied
• Die Armeen Europas
• Ballade von den Säckeschmeißern
• Der Barrikaden
• Dank Euch Ihr Sowjetsoldaten
• Das Lied vom SA-Mann
• Diplomaten
• Der Graben
• Der heimliche Aufmarsch
• Es Kommt der Tag
• Einheitsfrontlied
• Frieden der Welt
• Kämpfen wie Lenin
• Kampflied gegen den Faschismus
• Korea
• Lenin
• Lied der Bergarbeiter
• Lied der Interbrigaden
• Lied der Partei
• Lied des Werktätigen
• Lied vom Adler Stalin
• Lied vom Vaterland
• Linker Marsch
• Links Rechts
• Lob des Kommunismus
• Marsch der Antifaschisten
• Der Marsch Ins Dritte Reich
• Matrosen von Kronstadt
• Der rote Wedding
• Sehnsucht nach der Heimat
• Solidaritätslied
• Stalin Freund Genosse
• Trotz alledem
• Vorwärts Bolschewik
• Wir sind des Geyers schwarzer Haufen

Awards, medals, and recognition

Germany's most prestigious school for stage acting and directing is named after the actor, the Ernst Busch Academy of Dramatic Arts (Hochschule für Schauspielkunst "Ernst Busch", HFS) in Berlin. Busch was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize for 1970–71.

Filmography

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1929	Katharina Knie
1931	The Street Song	Der Straßensänger
1931	Gassenhauer	Peter
1931	Das Lied vom Leben	Sänger
1931	Kameradschaft	Wittkopp
1931	Die Koffer des Herrn O.F.
1931	Hell on Earth	Ernst Kohler
1932	Kuhle Wampe	Fritz
1932	Raid in St. Pauli	Singer
1932	Strafsache van Geldern
1932	Die Zwei vom Südexpress	Hans, Heizer
1932	Eine von uns	Peter
1933	The Lake Calls	Besatzung der 'Carola'
1936	Der Kampf	Judge
1960	Five Cartridges	Singer
1961	Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder	Koch
1971	Goya or the Hard Way to Enlightenment	Gaspar Melchor de Jovelianos	(final film role)

See also

• Pete Seeger (section 'Spanish Civil War songs')
• International Brigades order of battle (section 'XI International Brigade' point 'Songs')
• VEB Deutsche Schallplatten the state-run record label started by Busch in 1946

References

На других языках

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[de] Ernst Busch (Schauspieler)

Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Busch (* 22. Januar 1900 in Kiel; † 8. Juni 1980 in Bernburg) war ein deutscher Sänger, Schauspieler und Regisseur.

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- [en] Ernst Busch (actor)

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[es] Ernst Busch (actor)

Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Busch[1][2] (Kiel, 22 de enero de 1900 - Berlín, 8 de junio de 1980) fue un cantante y actor alemán.

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[ru] Буш, Эрнст (актёр)

Фридрих Вильгельм Эрнст Буш (нем. Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Busch; 22 января 1900, Киль, — 8 июня 1980, Бернбург) — немецкий актёр театра и кино, певец, коммунистический активист. В предвоенные годы приобрёл международную известность как певец-антифашист и исполнитель песен о борьбе рабочего класса; после Второй мировой войны прославился как ведущий актёр созданного Бертольтом Брехтом театра «Берлинер ансамбль». Лауреат Международной Ленинской премии «За укрепление мира между народами» (1972).

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