fiction.wikisort.org - Actor

Search / Calendar

Jang Jin-young (Korean: 장진영; June 14, 1972 – September 1, 2009) was a South Korean actress.

For other people with the same name, see Jin-young.
Not to be confused with Jang Shin-young.

In this Korean name, the family name is Jang.

Jang Jin-young
Jang in 2002
Born(1972-06-14)June 14, 1972
Jeonju, North Jeolla Province, South Korea
DiedSeptember 1, 2009(2009-09-01) (aged 37)
Seoul, South Korea
Other namesChang Jin-yeong
OccupationActress
Years active1993–2009
AgentYedang Entertainment
SpouseKim Young-kyun
Korean name
Hangul
장진영
Hanja
張真英
Revised RomanizationJang Jin-yeong
McCune–ReischauerChang Chinyŏng

Following Jang's time as a model and participation in the 1992 Miss Korea beauty contest, she began her acting career on television, in the drama Angel in My Heart (1997). She made her film debut in Ghost in Love (1999). Jang's acting career took off following her breakthrough performance, in Sorum (2001). She starred in a variety of film genres, among them romantic films such as Over the Rainbow (2002), Scent of Love (2003), Singles (2003), and Between Love and Hate (2006), biopic film Blue Swallow (2005), and drama series Lobbyist (2007).

Jang received critical praise and won a number of awards for her work. She became only the second winner of two Blue Dragon Film Awards for Best Actress, having won in 2001 for Sorum, and again in 2003 for Singles. As of 2008, Jang was one of the highest paid stars in the Korean film industry, earning in the region of ₩400 million per film.[1]

On September 1, 2009, Jang died at the age of 37 after a year-long battle with stomach cancer.


Early life


Jang Jin-young was born on June 14, 1972, in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province, South Korea.[2] She attended Jeonju Jungang Girls' High School.[3]

As a third-year high school student, she began to be interested in fashion and decided to change her career plans. She had originally intended to go to music school to major in piano.[4] She was enrolled in the Department of Costume Design at Sangmyung University.[4]


Career



Early work


Jang Jin-young began her career as a model, and represented the Chungcheongnam-do province at the 1992 Miss Korea beauty contest.[5] After making the transition into acting with appearances in a number of TV dramas, she received her film debut with a supporting role in the 1999 fantasy Ghost in Love. In 2000, she appeared in Kim Jee-woon's The Foul King, one of the biggest domestic hits of that year,[6] and Jang's tough image in the film drew attention from critics, with Derek Elley of Variety saying that she "makes an impression as the lightly romantic, not-so-fragile daughter".[7] Also that year, she had a role in the fire fighting film Siren.[8]


Breakthrough and mainstream success


Jang as the abused, chain smoking Sun-yeong in Sorum (2001), her first starring role for which she won several awards.
Jang as the abused, chain smoking Sun-yeong in Sorum (2001), her first starring role for which she won several awards.

Jang's first starring role was in the 2001 psychological horror film Sorum, in which she was cast against type as Sun-yeong, a chain smoking abused wife. The part required her to look badly bruised and disheveled, and she found the regimen of three packets of cigarettes per day to be quite grueling, despite being a smoker herself.[9] Both the film and Jang's performance received praise from critics, with Peter Y. Paik of The Film Journal commenting, "[Jang] Jin-young is utterly convincing in her portrayal of a battered wife, conveying both vulnerability and grit."[10] Jang won Best New Actress at the Busan Film Critics Awards,[11] Best Actress at the Blue Dragon Film Awards.[12]

In 2002, Jang co-starred with Lee Jung-jae in Over the Rainbow, a romantic comedy film in which her character helps an old college friend to recover his lost memory, and she was praised in a review at Korean Film for giving a "lively performance".[13] The following year, Jang appeared alongside Park Hae-il in the more dramatic Scent of Love. Her next film, also released in 2003, was the light-hearted comedy Singles, based on a novel by Japanese writer Kamata Toshio. Jang headed an ensemble cast as Na-nan, a down on her luck woman on the verge of turning thirty, who she described as being "very close to my actual real-life self" in terms of her personality.[14] Singles proved to be one of the big hits of that year,[15] and also found favor with critics, with Jang in particular being lauded for her performance. Derek Elley of Variety wrote, "With her effervescent, ingenuous goofiness, Jang dominates the movie, and twins well with [Uhm Jung-hwa]".[16] Jang again won Best Actress at the Blue Dragon Film Awards, becoming only the second actress to win the award twice, and also received the Popularity Award.[17]

Jang as aviation pioneer Park Kyung-won in the 2005 biopic Blue Swallow.
Jang as aviation pioneer Park Kyung-won in the 2005 biopic Blue Swallow.

For her next project, Jang was cast as the lead in Blue Swallow, a ₩9.7 billion biopic of aviation pioneer Park Kyung-won,[18] which reunited her with Sorum director Yoon Jong-chan, and Singles co-star Kim Joo-hyuk. She worked on the film for some 15 months, during which time she was required to learn Japanese and overcome her fear of heights,[19] and later said, "At every moment, I was pushing my limits. My experiences as [Park Kyung-won] taught me a lot and made me work even harder to live my life to the fullest."[18] Released towards the end of 2005, the film found itself the subject of strong criticism, with Park seen by many as having been a pro-Japanese figure during the Japanese colonial rule of Korea,[20] and it subsequently sold a disappointing 600,000 tickets at the Korean box office.[21] Nevertheless, Jang received several award nominations for her role in the film, and won Best Actress at the 2006 Critic's Choice Awards.[22]

In 2006, Jang appeared in the film Between Love and Hate, the directorial debut of actor and screenwriter Kim Hae-gon. She played the role of Yeon-ah, a carefree bargirl who embarks on a tumultuous love-hate relationship with slacker Young-woon (played by Kim Seung-woo), despite him being engaged to another woman. In order to give a realistic portrayal of a bargirl, Jang spent time touring underground bars and room salons, but had difficulty identifying with her character, saying, "I couldn't easily understand why she had to act that way... I was embarrassed at times to stand in front of the camera and act like that."[23] Her performance won Best Leading Actress at the Korean Film Awards,[24] and she also received nominations at the Blue Dragon Film Awards and Baeksang Arts Awards.[25][26]

Jang made a return to television in 2007, when she was cast as one of the leads in the SBS drama series Lobbyist, a ₩12 billion production about lobbyists and political conspiracies. Filming began in New York City on April 24, and in the wake of the Virginia Tech massacre it was reported that the production company had taken out insurance policies on Jang and her co-stars over fears of related incidents.[27]


In the media


In 2006, Movie Week magazine compiled a list of Korea's 25 most beautiful faces, which named Jang as the sixth most beautiful woman. The results were gathered by polling 86 of the top domestic photographers.[28]

Jang was one of the guests at the "Curtain Call" section of Star Summit Asia, a side event of the inaugural Asian Film Market to showcase established Asian stars for the international marketplace. Speaking at the press conference, she professed a love for action films, and expressed a desire to one day star in a Chinese action film.[29]


Later life and death


Jang Jin-young Memorial Hall
Jang Jin-young Memorial Hall

During a regular health check on September 22, 2008, Jang was diagnosed with stomach cancer. This was considered a strange and tragic coincidence as she was well known for her role in Scent of Love as a woman dying of stomach cancer.[30] She had been suffering from pains while eating, but had believed the cause to be a stomach ulcer.[31] In a telephone interview aired on MBC's After News program on November 29, 2008, Jang told the public that she had been undergoing Western medical treatments coupled with traditional herbal remedies, and that her health was improving.[32] Eventually, her condition continued to deteriorate and Jang was hospitalized in Seoul, where she died at approximately 4:04 p.m. on September 1, 2009.[30]


Secret marriage


After Jang's death, it was belatedly revealed that she had been secretly married. She had wed her husband, Kim Young-kyun, while in the U.S. for cancer treatment, and registered the marriage to make it official in Korea just days before her death.[33] Kim later published a book commemorating the 608 days of their relationship, titled My Last Gift To Her. The book features previously unreleased photos (including that of their Las Vegas wedding), as well as some letters and text messages they exchanged. When asked in an interview why he wrote the book, Kim answered: "Right now, my memories of Jin-young are distinct, but I'm human and someday my memories will grow dimmer. I don't want to lose my memories of being with her. Writing this was my way to deal with that. Someone who writes for a living told me that it helps and is a good method for organizing their emotions, and those words motivated me to write the book. Also, as I've already said in the prologue, Jin-young was an actress who had a great future ahead of her, and I thought it would help in having her remembered beautifully. Even when her time was limited, she didn't give up hope and lived diligently, and I wanted to let people know of Jin-young's passionate life."[34]


Filmography



Film


Year Title Role Ref.
1999 Ghost in Love Lee Young-eun [35]
2000 The Foul King Jang Min-young [36]
Siren Ye-rin [8]
2001 Sorum Sun-young [37]
2002 Over the Rainbow Kang Young-hee [38]
2003 Scent of Love Min Hee-jae [39]
Singles Na-nan [40]
2005 Blue Shallow Park Kyung-won [41]
2006 Between Love and Hate Yeon-ah [42][43]

Television series


Year Title Role Notes Ref.
1997 Angel in My Heart Ahn So-yeon Support role [44]
1998 Soonpoong Clinic Jang Jin-young
Heart of Lies Lee Hyun-ji [45]
Blushing with Love Kang Eun-hye [46]
2007 Lobbyist Maria / Yoo So-young Main role [47]

Awards and nominations


Name of the award ceremony, year presented, category, nominee of the award, and the result of the nomination
Award ceremony Year Category Nominee / Work Result Ref.
Busan Film Critics Awards 2001 Best New Actress Sorum Won [48]
Blue Dragon Film Awards Best Actress Won [49]
Festival de Cine de Sitges Won [14]
Director's Cut Awards Won [50]
Fantasporto International Fantasy Film Award 2002 Won [51]
Blue Dragon Film Awards 2003 Singles Won [17]
Popular Star Award Won
Korean Film Awards Best Actress Nominated [52]
Baeksang Arts Awards 2006 Blue Swallow Nominated [53]
Grand Bell Awards Nominated [54]
Korean Film Awards Between Love and Hate Won [24]
Blue Dragon Film Awards Nominated [55]
Korean Association of Film Critics Awards Blue Swallow Won [56]
Baeksang Arts Awards 2007 Between Love and Hate Nominated [57]
Grimae Awards Lobbyist Won [58]
SBS Drama Awards Best Actress in a Miniseries Nominated [59]
Style Icon Awards 2009 Special Award — Won [60]
Blue Dragon Film Awards — Won [61]
Director's Cut Awards Memorial Award — Won [62]

References


  1. "[Special Report] Is there a limit to the stars' guarantees? @ HanCinema". HanCinema. February 28, 2008. Archived from the original on October 7, 2008. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  2. 장진영 [Jang Jin-young]. Naver People Search (in Korean). May 14, 2022. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  3. Lee, In-kyung (October 28, 2009). "[스타메모리 7탄] ③ 장진영, 전주중앙여고 흑장미로 유명세". Sports Chosun. Archived from the original on January 8, 2014. Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  4. Kim, Mi-young (October 31, 2003). "[Star Search] Jang Jin-young". Weekly Hankooki (in Korean). Retrieved May 14, 2022.
  5. Lee, Hae-wan (September 10, 2007). "[STAR★미니다큐] (8) 장진영, '다양한 연기 스펙트럼' 날개" [STAR mini-queue (8) Jinyoung Jang, 'various smoke spectrum' wings] (in Korean). Sports Chosun. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  6. "Korean Movie Reviews for 2000: JSA, The Foul King, The Isle, Barking Dogs Never Bite, Chunhyang, Peppermint Candy, and more". Korean Film. September 18, 2004. Archived from the original on October 3, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  7. Derek Elley. "The Foul King review Archived September 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine". Variety. June 19, 2000. Retrieved August 5, 2007.
  8. "119구조대 소재로 한 소방영화 '싸이렌'" [Firefighting movie 'Siren' based on the 119 rescue team] (in Korean). Maeil Business News. October 5, 2000. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  9. Park, Jeong-ho (January 5, 2003). "[ENTERTAINMENT]Smoke Gets in Their Eyes － and Roles". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on March 22, 2022. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  10. Peter Y. Paik. "Sorum review Archived May 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine". The Film Journal. Retrieved June 24, 2007.
  11. "Film Awards Ceremonies in Korea Archived August 8, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Koreanfilm.org. Retrieved June 20, 2007.
  12. "Korean Film Newsletter #12 Archived August 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Koreanfilm.org, December 15, 2001. Retrieved June 20, 2007.
  13. V. "x" Naldi. "Over the Rainbow review Archived September 16, 2015, at the Wayback Machine". Koreanfilm.org. Retrieved July 8, 2007.
  14. "Reference Notes", booklet with YA Entertainment R1 DVD release of Singles, ASIN B000B7MDMU Archived January 24, 2022, at the Wayback Machine.
  15. "Seoul Box-Office Results (2003) Archived August 19, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Koreanfilm.org. Retrieved June 9, 2007.
  16. Derek Elley. "Singles review Archived September 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine". Variety, August 4, 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2007.
  17. "'Singles' Actress Wins Doubles". The Chosun Ilbo. December 12, 2003. Archived from the original on September 7, 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  18. Mi-Seok Koh. "Flying in Pursuit of Her Dreams Archived March 14, 2006, at the Wayback Machine". The Dong-a Ilbo, December 29, 2005. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
  19. "[KOREAN DVD REVIEWS] 청연 (Blue Swallow) Archived November 5, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Twitch Film, April 4, 2006. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
  20. Kim Tae-jong. "Blue Swallow Faces Turbulence Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". AsianDB.com; originally published by The Korea Times, February 22, 2006. Retrieved July 10, 2007.
  21. Kyu Hyun Kim. "Blue Swallow review Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine". Koreanfilm.org. Retrieved July 30, 2007.
  22. Darcy Paquet. "Pair win top prizes at Korean awards Archived October 21, 2012, at the Wayback Machine". Variety, December 26, 2006. Retrieved June 21, 2007.
  23. Lee Min-a. "'Dating' explores limit of dysfunctional love Archived November 21, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Korea JoongAng Daily, September 4, 2006. Retrieved August 4, 2007.
  24. ""The Host [괴물] Sweeps 5th Korean Film Awards" Archived October 31, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Twitch Film, November 20, 2006. Retrieved June 21, 2007.
  25. "The 27th Blue Dragon Awards Archived December 20, 2009, at the Wayback Machine". The Korea Society. Retrieved June 21, 2007.
  26. "Paeksang Arts Awards 2007 Archived September 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Cinemasie. Retrieved June 21, 2007.
  27. "장진영 '엔젤' 美촬영위해 10억 보험 Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". The Daily Zoom (in Korean). Retrieved August 4, 2007.
  28. "Korea's 25 Most Beautiful Faces". Andong Kim. June 28, 2006. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved March 22, 2022.
  29. "Chinese, Korean Stars Hit It Off in Busan". The Chosun Ilbo. October 16, 2006. Archived from the original on January 27, 2008. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  30. "Actress Jang Dies at 35". The Korea Times. September 1, 2009. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  31. Bae, Ji-sook (September 25, 2008). "Actress Jang Jin-young Fights Stomach Cancer". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  32. "[TALK OF THE TOWN]Fighting cancer, model/actress Jang Jin-yeung finds path back to fame". Korea JoongAng Daily. December 3, 2008. Archived from the original on January 5, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  33. "Jang Jin-young Love Story Revealed". The Chosun Ilbo. September 3, 2009. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  34. "Jang Jin-young's Widower Reveals Their Wedding Photos". The Chosun Ilbo. July 28, 2010. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  35. "[주말 TV영화/23일]'자귀모' 外" [[Weekend TV Movie/23rd] 'Jaguimo', etc.] (in Korean). Donga. October 22, 2005. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  36. Kim, Hyeong-geun (August 26, 1999). "<영화소식>「여고괴담」 해외에서 인기" [<Movie News>「Girls' High School Ghost Tales」 popular abroad]. Yonhap News (in Korean). Archived from the original on February 26, 2022. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
  37. Park, Hyun-min (November 20, 2009). "[청룡 아, 이순간!] 장진영 '소름'서 소름돋는 연기로 여우주연" [[Blue Dragon, this moment!] Jang Jin-young's 'Goosebumps' lead actress with a creepy performance] (in Korean). Sports Chosun. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  38. Kang, Su-jin (May 13, 2002). "[씨네리뷰]'오버 더 레인보우' 이정재-장진영 아름다운 변신" [[Cinereview] 'Over the Rainbow' Lee Jung-jae and Jang Jin-young's beautiful transformation] (in Korean). Donga. Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  39. Kim, Byeong-gyu (August 22, 2002). "장진영, 「국화꽃 향기」 캐스팅" [Jinyoung Jang, Cast for 「The Scent of Chrysanthemum」] (in Korean). Yonhap News. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  40. Park, Jin-hee (September 15, 2015). "추석특선영화 '싱글즈' 때문에…네티즌 "故장진영 연기 좋다" 호평" [Because of the Chuseok special movie 'Singles'... Netizens praised "I like Jang Jin-young's acting"] (in Korean). Herald Economy. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  41. Kim, Byung-gyu (August 31, 2003). "<실존인물 다룬 영화 제작 붐>" [<The boom in making movies about real people>] (in Korean). Yonhap News. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  42. Son, Nam-won (June 21, 2006). "장진영, 욕하고 싸움하고 "저, 룸살롱 나가요"" [Jang Jin-young, cursing and fighting, "I'm going to the salon"] (in Korean). OSEN. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  43. Jeong, Seong-il (October 11, 2006). "정성일의 가을 영화 산책 [1]" [Jung Sung-il's Autumn Movie Walk [1]] (in Korean). Cine21. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  44. Kwon, Young-han (September 1, 2009). "장진영 필모그래피. 데뷔에서 유작까지" [Jinyoung Jang's filmography. From debut to last]. Sports Chosun (in Korean). Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022.
  45. "MBC 새 주말연속극 `마음이 고와야지'" [<Broadcasting> MBC's new weekend soap opera 'You must come to my senses'] (in Korean). Yonhap News. April 23, 1998. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  46. Choi, Bo-ran (September 1, 2014). "고(故) 장진영 5주기, 그녀가 남긴 필모그래피" [The 5th anniversary of the late Jang Jin-young, the filmography she left behind] (in Korean). Ten Asia. Archived from the original on March 26, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022 – via Naver.
  47. "장진영 '엔젤'로 6년 만에 안방극장 복귀" [Jang Jin-young's 'Angel' returns to the small screen after 6 years] (in Korean). Star News. March 10, 2007. Archived from the original on February 27, 2022. Retrieved February 27, 2022 – via Naver.
  48. "Film Awards Ceremonies in Korea". Korean Film. Archived from the original on August 8, 2007. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
  49. "Korean Film Newsletter #12". Korean Film. Archived from the original on August 7, 2007. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
  50. "Jang Jin-young" Archived 2014-04-13 at the Wayback Machine. Naver People Database.
  51. "FANTASPORTO 2002 – THE WINNERS | Caleida Sitio". Caleida (in European Portuguese). March 4, 2018. Archived from the original on March 5, 2021. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  52. Kim, Byeong-gyu (October 28, 2003). "대한민국영화대상 부문별 후보작 공개" [Nominations announced for each category at the Korea Film Awards] (in Korean). Yonhap News Agency. Archived from the original on March 23, 2022. Retrieved March 23, 2022 – via Naver.
  53. "42nd Baeksang Awards Nominations [+Winners] Archived August 22, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Twitch Film, April 14, 2006. Retrieved June 21, 2007.
  54. "43rd Grand Bell Awards Winners [The Clowns Bring Home 10] Archived November 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine". Twitch Film, July 22, 2006. Retrieved June 21, 2007.
  55. "제27회 청룡영화상, 22개 작품 '15개 부문' 후보 올라" [27th Blue Dragon Film Awards, 22 films nominated for '15 categories']. Sports Chosun (in Korean). November 30, 2006. Archived from the original on March 25, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  56. Paquet, Darcy (December 26, 2006). "Pair win top prizes at Korean awards". Variety. Archived from the original on March 25, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  57. "'타짜', 백상대상 4개 부문 최다 후보(종합)" ['Tazza', the most nominations in 4 categories at the Baeksang Awards (comprehensive)] (in Korean). Joy News 24. April 4, 2007. Archived from the original on March 26, 2022. Retrieved March 26, 2022 – via Naver.
  58. Gil, Hye-seon (December 14, 2007). "장진영 "촬영감독님들덕에 이제야 제 미모 알아봐"" [Jang Jin-young "Thanks to the cinematographers, now you can recognize my beauty"]. Star News (in Korean). Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  59. "2007 SBS연기대상 후보 발표 '박신양 vs 김희애' 유력?" [2007 SBS Drama Awards Nominee Announcement 'Park Shin-yang vs Kim Hee-ae' Powerful?]. Donga (in Korean). December 20, 2007. Archived from the original on March 25, 2022. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  60. "Style Icon Awards shines 2009 with edginess". Ten Asia (in Korean). November 13, 2009. Archived from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  61. "'Mother' Sweeps Blue Dragon Film Awards". The Chosun Ilbo. December 3, 2009. Archived from the original on September 7, 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2022.
  62. "Park Chan-wook Named Director of the Year". The Chosun Ilbo. December 22, 2009. Archived from the original on January 12, 2020. Retrieved May 24, 2014.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jang Jin-young.

На других языках

[de] Jang Jin-young

Jang Jin-young (* 14. Juni 1974 in Seoul; † 1. September 2009 ebenda) war eine südkoreanische Schauspielerin. Sie verstarb nach einem einjährigen Kampf an Magenkrebs.
- [en] Jang Jin-young

[ru] Чан Джинён

Чан Джинён (장진영; 14 июня 1972, Сеул, Южная Корея — 1 сентября 2009, там же) — корейская актриса. Лауреат нескольких премий «Голубой дракон» (2001, 2003, 2009 (посмертно)), «Málaga International Week of Fantastic Cinema» (2002) и «Fantasporto» (2002)[1]. Умерла от рака желудка в 37-летнем возрасте, через год после того, как болезнь была диагностирована. За несколько дней до смерти вышла замуж за Ким Янгёна[2][3].


Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии