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Solar Pons is a fictional detective created by August Derleth as a pastiche of Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes.

Solar Pons
Solar Pons character
First appearance	1929
Created by	August Derleth
In-universe information
Gender	Male
Occupation	Consulting detective
Family	Bancroft Pons (brother)
Nationality	English

Robert Bloch wrote of the series "During a span of a century there have been literally hundreds of Sherlockian imitations, ranging from parody to direct duplication, but no one except August Derleth ever succeeded in capturing the essential charm of Doyle's original concept....To Pons's exploits he brought not only expertise but evident expression of his respect, appreciation, and affection for the source of their inspiration. Viewed as Holmesian homage or as a character in his own right, Solar Pons became Derleth's personal guide to an enchanted time and place."[1]

Approach

On hearing that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle had no plans to write more Holmes stories, the young Derleth wrote to Conan Doyle, asking permission to take over the series. Conan Doyle graciously declined the offer, but Derleth, despite having never been to London, set about finding a name that was syllabically similar to Sherlock Holmes, and wrote his first set of pastiches in 1928 and they were published in The Dragnet Magazine in 1929. He would ultimately write more stories about Pons than Conan Doyle did about Holmes.

Character model

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Pons is a pastiche of Holmes; the first full book about Solar Pons was published in 1945 titled In Re: Sherlock Holmes: The Adventures of Solar Pons. Like Holmes, Solar Pons has prodigious powers of observation and deduction, and can astound his companions by telling them minute details about people he has only just met, details that he proves to have deduced in seconds of observation. Where Holmes' stories are narrated by his companion Dr. Watson, the Pons stories are narrated by Dr. Lyndon Parker; in the Pons stories, he and Parker share lodgings not at 221B Baker Street but at 7B Praed Street, where their landlady is not Mrs. Hudson but Mrs. Johnson. Whereas Sherlock Holmes has an elder brother Mycroft Holmes of even greater gifts, Solar Pons has a brother Bancroft Pons to fill the same role. Like Holmes, Pons is physically slender and smokes a pipe filled with "abominable shag".[2]

The actual Sherlock Holmes also exists in Pons' world: Pons and Parker are aware of the famous detective and hold him in high regard. Whereas Holmes' adventures took place primarily in the 1880s and 1890s, Pons and Parker live in the 1920s and 1930s. Pons fans also regard Derleth as having given Pons his own distinctly different personality, far less melancholy and brooding than Holmes's.^{[citation needed]}

The Pons stories also cross over, at times, with the writings of others, such as Derleth's real-life literary correspondent H. P. Lovecraft in "The Adventure of the Six Silver Spiders", and with Carnacki the Ghost-Finder, the fictional creation of author William Hope Hodgson in "The Adventure of the Haunted Library". Pons has several encounters with Dr. Fu Manchu, the fictional creation of author Sax Rohmer - see such stories as "The Adventure of the Seven Sisters" (collected in The Chronicles of Solar Pons); The Adventure of the Praed Street irregulars (collected in The Reminiscensces of Solar Pons); and "The Adventure of the Camberwell beauty", collected in The Return of Solar Pons).

The tales in the Pontine canon can be broadly divided into two classes, the straight and the humorous, the straight being more or less straightforward tales of detection in the classic Holmesian mode, while the others—a minority—have some gentle fun, most notably by involving fictional characters from outside either canon (e.g., Dr. Fu Manchu); perhaps the most outstanding example is "The Adventure of the Orient Express", in which are thinly disguised versions of Ashenden, Hercule Poirot, and the Saint.

Several of the Pontine tales have titles taken from the famous "unrecorded" cases of Holmes to which that Watson often alluded including the matters of "Ricoletti of the Club Foot (and his Abominable Wife)", "The Aluminium Crutch", "The Black Cardinal", and "The Politician, the Lighthouse, and the Trained Cormorant". Others of the canon are variants on Holmesian tales, such as "The Adventure of the Tottenham Werewolf" paralleling (in some ways) Holmes' case of the Sussex Vampire.

Pons stories by Basil Copper

After Derleth's death in 1971, further stories about the character were written by the author Basil Copper. The first four of these volumes were published by Pinnacle Books - The Dossier of Solar Pons, The Further Adventures of Solar Pons, The Secret Files of Solar Pons and The Uncollected Cases of Solar Pons (original UK title: Some Uncollected Cases of Solar Pons) (all 1979).

A further two volumes of Copper's continuations were published by Fedogan and Bremer - The Exploits of Solar Pons (1993) and The Recollections of Solar Pons (1995). Fedogan and Bremer also issued a limited edition chapbook of Copper's preferred text of the story "The Adventure of the Singular Sandwich".

Later, Sarob Press published two further volumes of Pons work by Copper - the novel Solar Pons Versus The Devil's Claw (2004) and a collection titled Solar Pons: The Final Cases (2005) which contains six stories, five being revised editions of earlier Copper Pons contributions, and one Sherlock Holmes story ("The Adventure of the Persecuted Painter ").

Most recently, PS Publishing reissued the complete Basil Copper Pons stories in 6 volumes, adding a 7th volume entitled The Solar Pons Companion which contains related non-fiction and assorted materials. The earlier volumes match the Pinnacle collections, and all use the same titles.

Derleth stories edited by Basil Copper

Copper also edited the Pons stories of August Derleth for Arkham House under the title The Solar Pons Omnibus (two vols., 1982). However, he made extensive edits in the stories. The stories in Copper's edition are also arranged in order of their internal chronology, rather than by release date. Copper "edited" the tales in ways that many Pontine aficionados found objectionable.^{[citation needed]} Roger Johnson states "After August Derleth's death the published stories were edited by Basil Copper, who rather controversially corrected many errors and adjusted many Americanisms, into a handsome two-volume omnibus edition."[3]

A later omnibus, The Original Text Solar Pons Omnibus Edition, was issued by Mycroft & Moran in 2000, reverting the stories to Derleth's original versions. The later omnibus also discarded Copper's chronological arrangement in favor of the order in which the stories had appeared in the original Derleth volumes.

Other appearances by Solar Pons

In "The Adventure of the Other Brother", included in The Papers of Sherlock Holmes Volume II by David Marcum (2011, 2013) Holmes and Watson travel to Yorkshire in 1896 to defend Holmes's older brother, Sherrinford, from a charge of murder, as first briefly mentioned at the conclusion of William S. Baring-Gould's biography, Sherlock Holmes of Baker Street (1962). While there, they encounter Sherrinford's youngest son, 16-year-old Siger Holmes (named after his grandfather). Siger looks like a young Sherlock Holmes, and also shows a remarkable facility for deduction. After the solution of the mystery, an extended epilogue relates how Siger Holmes, with the blessing of his uncle, also became a consulting detective, and eventually chose to be called "Solar Pons" in order to make his own name, instead of relying on that of his famous uncle. An explanation is also given stating how the name "Solar Pons" was chosen, and a number of other biographical details match those listed by Derleth in a short précis that he wrote describing Pons's background.

Solar Pons Societies and Journals

A society, the Praed Street Irregulars (PSI), was dedicated to Solar Pons. The Irregulars were founded by Luther Norris with assistance from Peter Ruber in 1966 in the style of the better-known Baker Street Irregulars.[4] The PSI produced a newsletter, later a journal, the Pontine Dossier, published by The Pontine Press between 1967 and 1977 for 15 issues.[5]

A branch, The London Solar Pons Society, was established in England headed by Roger Johnson. Other branches were established in other areas.

Though it is not formally associated with the Praed Street Irregulars, publication of The Solar Pons Gazette began in 2006 as an online journal.

In more recent times, Belanger Books has revived The Pontine Dossier as The Pontine Dossier: Millenium Edition,' a print journal, with two annual numbers published to date.

Solar Pons in Popular Culture

The Twin Peaks character Cyril Pons is named after Solar Pons.^{[citation needed]}

Solar Pons books

By August Derleth

• "In Re: Sherlock Holmes": The Adventures of Solar Pons a.k.a. Regarding Sherlock Holmes: The Adventures of Solar Pons (in the UK: The Adventures of Solar Pons) (1945)
  • "In Re: Solar Pons" by Vincent Starrett
  • "A Word From Dr. Lyndon Parker"
  • "The Adventure of the Frightened Baronet"
  • "The Adventure of the Late Mr. Faversham"
  • "The Adventure of the Black Narcissus"
  • "The Adventure of the Norcross Riddle"
  • "The Adventure of the Retired Novelist"
  • "The Adventure of the Three Red Dwarfs"
  • "The Adventure of the Sotheby Salesman"
  • "The Adventure of the Purloined Periapt"
  • "The Adventure of the Limping Man"
  • "The Adventure of the Seven Passengers"
  • "The Adventure of the Lost Holiday"
  • "The Adventure of the Man with a Broken Face".
• The Memoirs of Solar Pons (1951)
  • "Introduction" by Ellery Queen
  • "The Adventure of the Circular Room"
  • "The Adventure of the Perfect Husband"
  • "The Adventure of the Broken Chessman"
  • "The Adventure of the Dog in the Manger"
  • "The Adventure of the Proper Comma"
  • "The Adventure of Ricoletti of the Club Foot"
  • "The Adventure of the Six Silver Spiders"
  • "The Adventure of the Lost Locomotive"
  • "The Adventure of the Tottenham Werewolf"
  • "The Adventure of the Five Royal Coachmen"
  • "The Adventure of the Paralytic Mendicant"
• Three Problems for Solar Pons (1952) (the contents of this book later appeared in The Return of Solar Pons)
  • "A Note for the Aficionado"
  • "The Adventure of the Rydberg Numbers"
  • "The Adventure of the Remarkable Worm"
  • "The Adventure of the Camberwell Beauty"
• The Return of Solar Pons (1958)
  • "Introduction" by Edgar W. Smith
  • "The Adventure of the Lost Dutchman"
  • "The Adventure of the Devil's Footprints"
  • "The Adventure of the Dorrington Inheritance"
  • "The Adventure of the 'Triple Kent'"
  • "The Adventure of the Rydberg Numbers" (reissued from Three Problems for Solar Pons)
  • "The Adventure of the Grice-Paterson Curse"
  • "The Adventure of the Stone of Scone"
  • "The Adventure of the Remarkable Worm" (reissued from Three Problems for Solar Pons)
  • "The Adventure of the Penny Magenta"
  • "The Adventure of the Trained Cormorant"
  • "The Adventure of the Camberwell Beauty" (reissued from Three Problems for Solar Pons)
  • "The Adventure of the Little Hangman"
  • "The Adventure of the Swedenborg Signatures"
• The Reminiscences of Solar Pons (1961)
  • "Introduction" by Anthony Boucher
  • "The Adventure of the Mazarine Blue"
  • "The Adventure of the Hats of M. Dulac"
  • "The Adventure of the Mosaic Cylinders"
  • "The Adventure of the Praed Street Irregulars"
  • "The Adventure of the Cloverdale Kennels"
  • "The Adventure of the Black Cardinal"
  • "The Adventure of the Troubled Magistrate"
  • "The Adventure of the Blind Clairaudient"
  • "A Chronology of Solar Pons" by Robert Patrick (sometimes given as Pattrick)
• The Casebook of Solar Pons (1965)
  • "Foreword" by Vincent Starrett
  • "(Cuthbert) Lyndon Parker" by Michael Harrison
  • "The Adventure of the Sussex Archers"
  • "The Adventure of the Haunted Library"
  • "The Adventure of the Fatal Glance"
  • "The Adventure of the Intarsia Box"
  • "The Adventure of the Spurious Tamerlaine"
  • "The Adventure of the China Cottage"
  • "The Adventure of the Ascot Scandal"
  • "The Adventure of the Crouching Dog"
  • "The Adventure of the Missing Huntsman"
  • "The Adventure of the Amateur Philologist"
  • "The Adventure of the Whispering Knights"
  • "The Adventure of the Innkeeper's Clerk"
  • "Afterword"
• A Praed Street Dossier (1968) - [associational volume]
  • "The Beginnings of Solar Pons"
  • "The Sources of the Tales"
  • "Concerning Dr. Parker's Background"
  • "The Favorite Pastiches"
  • "From the Notebooks of Dr. Lyndon Parker"
  • "The Adventure of the Bookseller's Clerk"
  • "Solar Pons, Off-Trail"
  • "The Adventure of the Snitch in Time" (with Mack Reynolds)
  • "The Adventure of the Ball of Nostradamus" (with Mack Reynolds).
• The Adventure of the Unique Dickensians (1968) [reprinted in The Chronicles of Solar Pons (see below)).
• Mr. Fairlie's Final Journey (1968) [novel]
• The Chronicles of Solar Pons (1973)
  • "Introduction" by Allen J. Hubin
  • "The Adventure of the Red Leech"
  • "The Adventure of the Orient Express" (published as a stand-alone volume by Candlelight Press, NY, 1964 as a softcover with a dust jacket)
  • "The Adventure of the Golden Bracelet"
  • "The Adventure of the Shaplow Millions"
  • "The Adventure of the Benin Bronze"
  • "The Adventure of the Missing Tenants"
  • "The Adventure of the Aluminum Crutch"
  • "The Adventure of the Seven Sisters"
  • "The Adventure of the Bishop's Companion"
  • "The Adventure of the Unique Dickensians"
• The Solar Pons Omnibus (1982) [omnibus-collects all previous works]
• The Unpublished Solar Pons (1994)
  • "Introduction" by Paul B. Smeadegaard
  • "A Pontine Commentary" by Ted Schulz
  • "Revised List of The Solar Pons Canon Abbreviations"
  • "The Adventure of the Viennese Musician"
  • "The Adventure of the Muttering Man"
  • "The Adventure of the Sinister House" (an early and incomplete version of "The Adventure of the Burlstone Horror")
  • "In Re: Solar Pons" by Roger Johnson
  • "A Pontine Competition" by James Turner
  • "The Adventure of the Green Stars" (fragment)
  • "Afterword" George A. Vander
• The Final Adventures of Solar Pons (1998)
  • "Introduction" by Peter Ruber
  • "Reception in Elysium" (poem) by Mary F. Lindsley
  • Terror Over London [novel]
  • "The Adventures of Gresham Old Place"
  • "The Adventure of the Burlstone Horror"
  • "The Adventure of the Viennese Musician"
  • "The Adventure of the Muttering Man"
  • "The Adventure of the Two Collaborators" by Peter Ruber
  • "The Adventure of the Nosferatu" (with Mack Reynolds)
  • "The Adventure of the Extra-Terrestrial" (with Mack Reynolds)
  • "More from Dr. Parker's Notebooks"
• The Original Text Solar Pons Omnibus Edition (2000)
• The Dragnet Solar Pons et al. (2011) (original pulp magazine and manuscript versions of these stories)
  • "Introduction" by Mark Wardecker
  • "The Adventure of the Black Narcissus"
  • "The Adventure of the Missing Tenants"
  • "The Adventure of the Broken Chessman"
  • "The Adventure of the Late Mr. Faversham"
  • "The Adventure of the Limping Man"
  • "Two Black Buttons"
  • "The Adventure of the Red Dwarfs"
  • "The Adventure of Gresham Marshes" (an earlier version of "The Adventures of Gresham Old Place")
  • "The Adventure of the Black Cardinal"
  • "The Adventure of the Norcross Riddle"
  • "The Adventure of the Yarpool Horror" (an earlier version of "The Adventure of the Burlstone Horror")
  • "The Adventure of the Muttering Man"
  • "Notes" by Mark Wardecker
• The Novels of Solar Pons: Terror Over London and Mr. Fairlie's Final Journey (2018) (The Adventures of Solar Pons Book 6)
  • Terror Over London
  • Mr. Fairlie's Final Journey
• The Apocrypha of Solar Pons (2018) (The Adventures of Solar Pons Book 8) [includes works from A Praed Street Dossier. Unfinished Solar Pons, The Final Adventures of Solar Pons and others]

By Basil Copper

• The Dossier of Solar Pons (1979)
  • "The Adventure of the Perplexed Photographer"
  • "The Adventure of the Sealed Spire"
  • "The Adventure of the Six Gold Doubloons"
  • "The Adventure of the Ipi Idol"
  • "The Adventure of Buffington Old Grange"
  • "The Adventure of the Hammer of Hate".
• The Further Adventures of Solar Pons (1979)
  • "The Adventure of the Shaft of Death"
  • "The Adventure of the Defeated Doctor"
  • "The Adventure of the Surrey Sadist"
  • "The Adventure of the Missing Student".
• The Secret Files of Solar Pons (1979)
  • "The Adventure of the Crawling Horror"
  • "The Adventure of the Anguished Actor"
  • "The Adventure of the Ignored Idols"
  • "The Adventure of the Horrified Heiress"
• The Uncollected Cases of Solar Pons (1979) - (in the UK: Some Uncollected Cases of Solar Pons)
  • "The Adventure of the Haunted Rectory"
  • "The Adventure of the Singular Sandwich"
  • "Murder at the Zoo"
  • "The Adventure of the Frightened Governess"
• The Exploits of Solar Pons (1993)
  • "The Adventure of the Callous Colonel"
  • "The Adventure of the Phantom Face"
  • "The Adventure of the Verger’s Thumb"
  • "Death at the Metropole"
• The Recollections of Solar Pons (1995)
  • "The Adventure of the Cursed Curator"
  • "The Adventure of the Hound of Hell"
  • "The Adventure of the Mad Millionaire"
  • "The Adventure of the Singular Sandwich" [reworked from its first appearance in Uncollected Cases (see above)]
• Solar Pons Versus The Devil’s Claw (2004, Sarob Press) [novel]
• Solar Pons: The Final Cases (2005, Sarob Press)
  • "The Adventures of The Haunted Rectory" [reworked from its first appearance in Uncollected Cases (see above)]
  • "The Ignored Idols" [reworked from its first appearance in Secret Files (see above)]
  • "The Adventure of the Horrified Heiress" [reworked from its first appearance in Secret Files (see above)]
  • "The Adventure of the Baffled Baron" [reworked from its first appearance in Dossier as "The Adventure of the Defeated Doctor" (see above)]
  • "The Adventure of the Anguished Actor" [reworked from its first appearance in Secret Files (see above)]
  • "The Adventure of the Persecuted Painter" [a Sherlock Holmes pastiche, first published in The Mammoth Book of New Sherlock Holmes Adventures]
• The Recollections of Solar Pons (2017, PS Publishing)
  • "The Adventure of the Cursed Curator"
  • "The Adventure of the Hound of Hell"
  • "The Adventure of the Mad Millionaire"
  • The Adventure of the Devil's Claw
• The Solar Pons Companion #7 (2017, PS Publishing) (w/ Stephen Jones)
  • "Once A Pons a Time" by Stephen Jones
  • "Foreword"
  • "In the Footsteps of Sherlock Holmes"
  • "Plots of the Stories"
  • "Characters in the Stories"
  • "The Sayings of Solar Pons"
  • "Solar Pons Plot and Dialogue Notes" by Stephen Jones
  • "The Adventure of the Northleach Stocks" by Stephen Jones
  • "Painting Pons: Artist Ben Stahl" by Stephen Jones
  • The Adventure of the Defeated Doctor"
  • "The Adventure of the Agonised Actor"
  • The Adventure of the Persecuted Painter"

By David Marcum

• The Papers of Solar Pons (2017)
  • "A Word From Dr. Lyndon Parker"
  • "The Adventure of the Doctor's Box"
  • "The Park Lane Solution"
  • "The Poe Problem"
  • "The Singular Affair of the Blue Girl"
  • "The Plight of the American Driver"
  • "The Adventure of the Blood Doctor"
  • "The Additional Heirs"
  • "The Horror of St. Anne's Row"
  • "The Adventure of the Failed Fellowship"
  • "The Adventure of the Obrisset Snuffbox"
  • "The Folio Matter"
  • "The Affair of the Distasteful Society"
  • "The Adventure of the Other Brother"

By David Marcum and others

• The New Adventures of Solar Pons (2019)
  • "The Adventure of the Two Sisters" by David Marcum
  • "The Adventure of the Inconvenient Death" by Jeremy Branton Holstein
  • "Pages From the Notebooks of Dr. Lyndon Parker" by Bob Byrne
  • "The Adventure of the Last Casualty" by Mark Wardecker
  • "The Misadventure of the Norfolk Poacher" by Mark Mower
  • "The Impersonating Detective" by Jayantika Ganguly
  • "The Jazz Murders" by Thomas Fortenberry
  • "The Adventure of the Versailles Tourist" by Robert Stapleton
  • "The Adventure of the Yorkshire Girl" by Stephen Herczeg
  • "The Adventure of the London Jinx" by John Linwood Grant
  • "The Mechanical Problem" by Robert Perret
  • "The Adventure of the Scottish Rite" by Stephen Herczeg
  • "The Squirming Script" by I.A. Watson
  • "The Adventure of the Yellow Pimpernel" by Nik Morton
  • "The Adventure of the Borzoi Breeder" by Deanna Baran
  • "The Adventure of the Earl’s Mirth" by Mark Wardecker
  • "The Watson Club" by Derrick Belanger
  • "The Boar of the Raskerbergs" by Robert Stapleton
  • "The Black Mouth of Death" by Thomas Fortenberry
  • "The Adventure of the Old Score" by David Marcum
• The Necronomicon of Solar Pons (2020)
• The Meeting of the Minds: The Cases of Sherlock Holmes & Solar Pons (2 volumes, 2021)
• The Novellas of Solar Pons (2022)

References

• T. J. Binyon, Murder Will Out: The Detective in Fiction, Oxford University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-19-219223-X, p. 12
• Peter Ridgway Watt, Joseph Green, The alternative Sherlock Holmes: pastiches, parodies, and copies, Ashgate Publishing, 2003, ISBN 0-7546-0882-4, pp. 217–223
• Michael Szymanksi, 'The Adventures of Solar Pons". Different Worlds #43 (July-Aug. 1986), 10-12.

External links

• Solar Pons at Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• Solar Pons crime/Mystery series at Matters Criminous
• Solar Pons series at Thrilling Detective
• Solar Pons: The Great Pretender by Charles Prepolec at Baker Street Dozen
• SolarPons.com
• Solar Pons's War of the Worlds (starts on page 19)
• "A Study in Solar: The Sherlock Holmes of Praed Street" by Roger Johnson
• "The Adventures of Solar Pons in Chronological Order"

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