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Teguh Karya born Steve Liem Tjoan Hok (Chinese: 林廉鹤) (22 September 1937 – 11 December 2001) was an Indonesian film director. Starting his entertainment career in theatre, he made his directorial debut with Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki, released three years later. He later directed numerous critically acclaimed films, including Cinta Pertama, Badai Pasti Berlalu, and November 1828. In 2001 Karya died from complications from a 1998 stroke.[2]

Teguh Karya
Karya at the 1982 Indonesian Film Festival
Born	Steve Liem Tjoan Hok 22 September 1937 Pandeglang, Banten, Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia)
Died	11 December 2001(2001-12-11) (aged 64) Jakarta, Indonesia
Nationality	Indonesian
Education	Akademi Seni Drama dan Film (1954–1955) Akademi Teater Nasional Indonesia (1957–1961) East–West Center (1962–1963)
Occupation	Director, actor
Years active	1968–1998
Notable work	Cinta Pertama Badai Pasti Berlalu November 1828
Style	Realism[1]
Awards	Numerous Citra Awards

Biography

Teguh Karya was born Steve Liem Tjoan Hok on 22 September 1937 in Pandeglang, Banten. He was the first child of Chinese Indonesians Laksana Karya (Tjon Hok) and Naomi Yahya ;[3] there was some Bantenese descent from his grandmother. He attended elementary school in Pandeglang, but moved to Jakarta for junior high school, where he struggled with the exact sciences but did well in the creative arts and history.[4]

Karya studied at the Academy of Film and Dramatic Arts (Indonesian: Akademi Seni Drama dan Film) in Yogyakarta from 1954 to 1955. He then studied at the Indonesian National Theater Academy (Indonesian: Akademi Teater Nasional Indonesia, or ATNI) in Jakarta from 1957 to 1961, where he obtained experience as an actor. He later studied at the East–West Center in Honolulu, Hawaii from 1962 to 1963.[4]

Karya acted in Jenderal Kancil (General Deer Mouse; 1968), while working at Hotel Indonesia as a stage manager. It was directed at children. That same year he established Teater Populer at his home in Kebon Kacang, Tanah Abang, Jakarta. Members were mainly ATNI students; he often booked them to perform at Hotel Indonesia. The troupe later went on to produce critically acclaimed dramas, including 1971's Pernikahan Darah (Blood Marriage), 1973's Inspektur Jenderal, Kopral Woyzeck (Inspector General, Corporal Woyzeck), and 1974's Perempuan Pilihan Dewa (Woman Chosen by the Gods).[1][4]

In 1971, Karya released his first adult-oriented film, Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki (The Face of a Boy). Two years later he released Cinta Pertama (First Love), which garnered him his first Citra Award[1] and launched the acting career of its star, Christine Hakim.[5] It was followed by three more romances, Ranjang Pengantin (Wedding Bed), Kawin Lari (Elope), and Perkawinan Semusim (A Season's Marriage).[1][4]

Karya's most commercially successful work, Badai Pasti Berlalu (The Storm Will Surely Pass), was released in 1977. Based on a novel of the same name by Marga T, it was watched by 212,551 people in its original run.[6] It later won four awards at the 1977 Indonesian Film Festival.[7]

Two years later, Teguh directed the historical epic November 1828, which received six Citra Awards. It was followed by Di Balik Kelambu (Behind the Screen), Secangkir Kopi Pahit (A Cup of Bitter Coffee), Doea Tanda Mata (Two Eye Marks), Ibunda (Mother) and Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta (Lover Left Behind by the Train).[1][4]

Karya also directed sinetron, or Indonesian soap operas. He released his first sinetron, Pulang (Go Home) in 1987.[4] In 1995 he directed Alang-Alang, sponsored by the Family Planning Coordination Board (Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana), and the Johns Hopkins University Population Communication Services.[8]

In 1998, Karya suffered from a stroke, which caused some memory loss and put him in a wheelchair for the rest of his life. He died at the age of 64 at the Mintoharjo Navy Hospital in Central Jakarta on 11 December 2001.[4][2]

Influences

Karya's work was influenced by numerous directors and stage managers, including Asrul Sani, D. Djajakusuma, and Usmar Ismail.[4]

Legacy

Karya won numerous (described by The Jakarta Post as "countless") Citra Awards.[1]

In 2005, the Twilite Orchestra held a memorial concert featuring songs from Karya's films. Performers included people he had directed, such as Berlian Hutauruk, as well as pop stars like Krisdayanti and Ruth Sahanaya.[1]

Personal life

Karya never married, although he occasionally dated. When asked why, he said that there everyone had "rooms" in them, for art, friends, country, and other things; the order these rooms were filled was different for each person.[4]

Filmography

Year	Title	Notes
1971	Wadjah Seorang Laki-Laki (Face of a Man)	Directorial debut
1973	Cinta Pertama (First Love)
1974	Ranjang Pengantin (Wedding Bed)
1975	Kawin Lari (Elope)
1977	Perkawinan Semusim (A Season's Wedding)
	Badai Pasti Berlalu (The Storm Will Surely Pass)
1979	November 1828
1983	Di Balik Kelambu (Behind the Screen)
	Secangkir Kopi Pahit (A Cup of Bitter Coffee)
1984	Doea Tanda Mata (Two Eye Marks)
1986	Ibunda (Mother)
1989	Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta (Lover Left Behind by the Train)	Last feature film

Nomination and awards

Awards	Year	Category	Nomination work	Result	Ref.
Festival Film Indonesia	1974	Best Director	Cinta Pertama	Won	[9]
	1975	Best Director	Ranjang Pengantin	Won	[10]
	1979	Best Director	November 1828	Won	[11]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
	1981	Best Director	Usia 18	Nominated	[12]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
	1983	Best Director	Di Balik Kelambu	Won	[13]
		Best Original Screenplay		Won
	1985	Best Director	Doea Tanda Mata	Nominated	[14]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
		Best Director	Secangkir Kopi Pahit	Nominated	[15]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated
	1986	Best Director	Ibunda	Won	[16]
		Best Original Screenplay		Won
	1989	Best Director	Pacar Ketinggalan Kereta	Won	[17]
		Best Original Screenplay		Nominated

References

Bibliography

• Irwansyah, Ade (23 April 2010). "25 Film Indonesia Terbaik Sepanjang Masa" [25 Best Indonesian Films of All Time]. Tabloid Bintang (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• "Badai Pasti Berlalu". FilmIndonesia.org (in Indonesian). Konfiden Foundation. Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• Taufiqurrahman, M. (23 September 2005). "Director Teguh Karya to be remembered in tribute concert". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• "Teguh Karya". Ensiklopedi Jakarta (in Indonesian). Jakarta Government. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• "Teguh Karya – Profil Selebritis" [Teguh Karya – Celebrity Profile]. KapanLagi.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• "Teguh Karya: Suhu Teater Indonesia" [Teguh Karya: Maestro of Indonesian Theatre] (PDF). Library of Film Figures (in Indonesian). 2008. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• Webb, Cynthia (8 December 2010). "Christine Hakim: Going where life leads her". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 17 August 2011.
• Wilkins, Karin Gwinn (2000). Redeveloping Communication for Social Change: Theory, Practice, and Power. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-9588-1.
• "Teguh Karya meninggal" [Teguh Karya passes away]. ABC Radio Australia (in Indonesian). 12 December 2001. Retrieved 14 November 2017.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Teguh Karya.

• Teguh Karya at IMDb

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