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Xia Yan (Chinese: 夏衍; pinyin: Xià Yǎn; Wade–Giles: Hsia Yen; 30 October 1900 – 6 February 1995) was a Chinese playwright and screenwriter,[1] and China's Deputy Minister of Culture between 1954 and 1965.[2]

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Xia Yan
Xia Yan
Native name	夏衍
Born	Shen Naixi (1900-10-30)30 October 1900 Yuhang County, Zhejiang
Died	6 February 1995(1995-02-06) (aged 94) Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
Occupation	Playwright, screenwriter, translator
Language	Chinese
Nationality	Chinese
Education	Zhejiang Industrial School
Alma mater	Zhejiang University
Period	1935-1995
Genre	Drama, novel
Notable works	Under the Eaves of Shanghai The Fascist Bacillus
Spouse	Cai Shuxin (m.1930-?)
Children	Shen Ning (daughter) Shen Danhua (son)
Relatives	Shen Xueshi (father) Xu Xiusheng (mother)

Among the dozens of plays and screenplays penned by Xia Yan, the most renowned include Under the Eaves of Shanghai (1937) and The Fascist Bacillus (1944). Today the Xia Yan Film Literature Award is named in his honour.

Personal life

Xia entered Zhejiang Industrial School (浙江甲種工業學校 , a technical school of Zhejiang University) in 1915, five years before being sent to study in Japan. He was forced to return in 1927,[3] two years after graduating with an engineering degree.

Political career

On Xia's return in 1927 — expelled by Japanese authorities for his political activity[2] — he joined the Communist Party of China and rose to become a cultural chief in the Shanghai municipality, and then Deputy Minister of Culture in 1954.

In 1961, Xia wrote an essay called "Raise Our Country's Film Art to a New Level". The essay, implicitly critical of the Great Leap Forward, called for greater autonomy for artists and more diversity within Chinese cinema. The implementation of his directives is said to have led to the achievement of a "tremendous diversity" which lasted until the Cultural Revolution.[4]

Xia is credited with introducing Soviet cinema to China,[2] and helped to establish a realist tradition that emphasised active engagement with national issues, leaving a strong legacy that continued into the post-Mao era.[5]

Xia's political career ended in 1965, when he was removed from office and spent eight years in prison during the Cultural Revolution.[2]

Notes

References and further reading

• Shen, Vivian (2013). The Origins of Leftwing Cinema in China, 1932-37. Routledge. ISBN 9781135874100.
• Wang, Zheng (2017). Finding Women in the State: A Socialist Feminist Revolution in the People's Republic of China, 1949-1964. Oakland: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520292291..
• Xia, Yan (2014). "Under Shanghai Eaves (1937)". In Chen, Xiaomei (ed.). The Columbia Anthology of Modern Chinese Drama. Translated by George Hayden. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 283–333. doi:10.7312/chen16502. ISBN 9780231535540. JSTOR 10.7312/chen16502.11.

External links

• Feature on Xia Yan in Chinese Movies
• Hangzhou Former Residence of Xia Yan

На других языках

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[de] Xia Yan

Xia Yan (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hani{font-size:110%}夏衍, Pinyin Xià Yǎn, W.-G. Hsia Yen; * 30. Oktober 1900 in Hangzhou; † 6. Februar 1995 in Peking) hieß eigentlich Shen Naixi (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hant{font-size:110%}沈乃熙, Pinyin Shěn Nǎixī) und war oft bekannt als Großjährigkeitsname Shen Duanxian (chinesisch 沈端先, Pinyin Shěn Duānxiān, W.-G. Shen Tuan-hsien). Er war ein chinesischer Dramatiker, Drehbuchautor und Übersetzer. Er übersetzte Maxim Gorkis Roman Die Mutter aus dem Russischen.[1] Er gehört zu den Filmpionieren in China und gewann den ersten Nationalpreis für Drehbuch im Jahre 1962.[2]

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- [en] Xia Yan (playwright)

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[ru] Ся Янь

Ся Янь (кит. 夏衍, пиньинь Xià Yǎn, настоящее имя Шэнь Найси или Шэнь Дуаньсянь; 30 октября 1900 — 6 февраля 1995) — китайский драматург, сценарист и общественный деятель.

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