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Octavia E. Butler Landing is the 18 February 2021 landing site of the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover within Jezero crater on planet Mars. On 5 March 2021, NASA named the site for the renowned American science fiction author, Octavia E. Butler, who died on 24 February 2006. The Mars landing took place nearly 15 years to the day after her death.[1][2] The coordinates of the landing site on Mars are 18.44°N 77.45°E / 18.44; 77.45[3]

The Mars Perseverance rover landed at the Octavia E. Butler Landing site in Jezero Crater.
The Mars Perseverance rover landed at the Octavia E. Butler Landing site in Jezero Crater.

Description


The writer Octavia E. Butler at a book signing in 2005
The writer Octavia E. Butler at a book signing in 2005

Jezero Crater was chosen as the 2021 landing site for the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter as part of the Mars 2020 mission. Thought to have once been flooded with water, the crater contains a fan-delta deposit rich in clays.[4] The lake in the crater was present when valley networks were forming on Mars. Besides having a delta, the crater shows point bars and inverted channels. From a study of the delta and channels, it was concluded that the lake inside the crater probably formed during a period in which there was continual surface runoff.[5] Since it is believed that the lake was long-lived, life may have developed in the crater; the delta may have required a period of one to ten million years to form.[6]


Octavia E. Butler


Octavia Estelle Butler (22 June 1947 – 24 February 2006) was an African American science fiction author who published a number of novel series between 1976 and 1998. A multiple recipient of both the Hugo and Nebula awards, in 1995 she became the first science-fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship.[lower-alpha 1][7][8]

Butler published standalone novels, short stories, essays and speeches. She was born in and grew up in Pasadena, California, the location of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which manages the Perseverance rover project.



Octavia E. Butler Landing
Elevation map of Jezero crater
Perseverance rover landing site
Octavia E. Butler Landing viewed by the Perseverance rover.
The Ingenuity helicopter views the Perseverance rover (left) about 85 m (279 ft) away from 5.0 m (16.4 ft) in the air (25 April 2021)
The Ingenuity helicopter views the Perseverance rover (left) about 85 m (279 ft) away from 5.0 m (16.4 ft) in the air (25 April 2021)
(view • discuss) Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars, overlain with locations of Mars Memorial sites. Hover your mouse over the image to see the names of over 60 prominent geographic features, and click to link to them. Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations, based on data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Whites and browns indicate the highest elevations (+12 to +8 km); followed by pinks and reds (+8 to +3 km); yellow is 0 km; greens and blues are lower elevations (down to −8 km). Axes are latitude and longitude; Polar regions are noted. (See also: Mars map; Mars Rovers map; Mars Memorials list) ( .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}  Named •   Debris •   Lost )Cydonia MensaeGale craterHolden craterJezero craterLomonosov craterLyot craterMalea PlanumMaraldi craterMareotis TempeMie craterMilankovič craterSisyphi Planum
(view • discuss) Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars, overlain with locations of Mars Memorial sites. Hover your mouse over the image to see the names of over 60 prominent geographic features, and click to link to them. Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations, based on data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Whites and browns indicate the highest elevations (+12 to +8 km); followed by pinks and reds (+8 to +3 km); yellow is 0 km; greens and blues are lower elevations (down to −8 km). Axes are latitude and longitude; Polar regions are noted. (See also: Mars map; Mars Rovers map; Mars Memorials list) ( .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}  Named •   Debris •   Lost )
(view • discuss)
Interactive image map of the global topography of Mars, overlain with locations of Mars Memorial sites. Hover your mouse over the image to see the names of over 60 prominent geographic features, and click to link to them. Coloring of the base map indicates relative elevations, based on data from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter on NASA's Mars Global Surveyor. Whites and browns indicate the highest elevations (+12 to +8 km); followed by pinks and reds (+8 to +3 km); yellow is 0 km; greens and blues are lower elevations (down to −8 km). Axes are latitude and longitude; Polar regions are noted.
(See also: Mars map; Mars Rovers map; Mars Memorials list)
(   Named •   Debris •   Lost )
← Beagle 2
Bradbury Landing →
Deep Space 2 ? →
InSight Landing →
Mars 2 ? →
← Mars 3 Landing
Mars 6 ? →
Polar Lander ? ↓
↑ Challenger Memorial Station
↓Octavia E. Butler Landing
↓Wright Brothers Field
← Green Valley
Schiaparelli EDM →
↓Carl Sagan Memorial Station
Columbia Memorial Station ↑
Thomas Mutch Memorial Station →
Gerald Soffen Memorial Station →

See also



Notes


  1. It wasn't until 2020 that another speculative fiction writer (N.K. Jemisin) received the prize.

References


  1. "NASA's Perseverance Drives on Mars Terrain for First Time". NASA. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. "Welcome to "Octavia E. Butler Landing"". NASA. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 5 March 2021. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. "Mars Lander Missions". NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  4. Muir, Hazel. "Prime landing sites chosen for biggest Martian rover". New Scientist. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  5. Goudge, T. (2017). Stratigraphy and Evolution of Delta Channel Deposits, Jezero Crater Mars (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2017). 1195.pdf.
  6. Schon, S.; Head, J.; Fassett, C. (2012). "An overfilled lacustrine system and progradational delta in Jezero crater, Mars: Implications for Noachian climate". Planetary and Space Science. 67 (1): 28–45. Bibcode:2012P&SS...67...28S. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.003.
  7. Crossley, Robert "Critical Essay" In Kindred, by Octavia Butler Boston: Beacon, 2004 ISBN 0807083690 (10) ISBN 978-0807083697 (13)
  8. "Octavia Butler". MacArthur Foundation Fellows. Retrieved 9 October 2015.




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