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Van Wyck Brooks (February 16, 1886 in Plainfield, New Jersey – May 2, 1963 in Bridgewater, Connecticut) was an American literary critic, biographer, and historian.

Portrait of Van Wyck Brooks by John Butler Yeats, 1909
Portrait of Van Wyck Brooks by John Butler Yeats, 1909

Biography


Members of the Independent Voters Committee of the Arts and Sciences for Roosevelt visit FDR at the White House (October 1944). From left: Van Wyck Brooks, Hannah Dorner, Jo Davidson, Jan Kiepura, Joseph Cotten, Dorothy Gish, Dr. Harlow Shapley
Members of the Independent Voters Committee of the Arts and Sciences for Roosevelt visit FDR at the White House (October 1944). From left: Van Wyck Brooks, Hannah Dorner, Jo Davidson, Jan Kiepura, Joseph Cotten, Dorothy Gish, Dr. Harlow Shapley

Brooks graduated from Harvard University in 1908. As a student he published his first book, a collection of poetry called Verses by Two Undergraduates, co-written with his friend John Hall Wheelock.[1]

Brooks's best-known work is a series of studies entitled Makers and Finders (5 volumes, 1936–1952), which chronicled the development of American literature during the long 19th century. Brooks embroidered elaborate biographical detail into anecdotal prose. For The Flowering of New England, 1815–1865 (1936) he won the second National Book Award for Non-Fiction from the American Book Sellers Association[2][3] and the 1937 Pulitzer Prize for History. The book was also included in Life Magazine's list of the 100 outstanding books of 1924–1944.[4]

Brooks was a long-time resident of Bridgewater, Connecticut, which built a town library wing in his name. Although a decade-long fund-raising effort was abandoned in 1972, a hermit in Los Angeles, Charles E. Piggott, with no connection to Bridgewater surprised the town by leaving money for the library in his will. With $210,000 raised, the library addition went up in 1980.[5]

Among his works, the book The Ordeal of Mark Twain (1920) analyzes the literary progression of Samuel L. Clemens and attributes shortcomings to Clemens's mother and wife. In 1925 he published a translation from French of the 1920 biography of Henry David Thoreau by Leon Bazalgette, entitled Henry Thoreau, Bachelor of Nature.

In 1944, Brooks was on the cover of Time Magazine.[6]


Bibliography



Awards and honors



Places named after him


The Van Wyck Brooks Historic District, known for its old Victorian and Second French Empire style buildings in Plainfield, the town of his birth, is named after him.


Prizes



Honorary degrees


Doctor of Letters:

Doctor of Humane Letters:


References


  1. Sullivan, Roderick B. (February 2001). "Biography of John Hall Wheelock, Poet", Biographies of Notable Wheelocks. Retrieved 3 July 2012.
  2. "Books and Authors", The New York Times, 1936-04-12, p. BR12. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851–2007).
  3. "5 Honors Awarded on the Year's Books: ...", The New York Times, 1937-02-26, p. 23. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851–2007).
  4. Canby, Henry Seidel. "The 100 Outstanding Books of 1924–1944". Life Magazine, 14 August 1944. Chosen in collaboration with the magazine's editors.
  5. Burnham Public Library Web site, Library History Web page, accessed May 4, 2009
  6. Time.com
  7. archive.org

Further reading





На других языках

[de] Van Wyck Brooks

Van Wyck Brooks (* 16. Februar 1886 in Plainfield, New Jersey; † 2. Mai 1963 in Bridgewater, Connecticut) war ein amerikanischer Literaturkritiker und -historiker, der 1937 für sein Werk The Flowering of New England den Pulitzer-Preis für Geschichte verliehen bekam.
- [en] Van Wyck Brooks


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