fiction.wikisort.org - Director

George Pal (born György Pál Marczincsak;[1] Hungarian: [ˈmɒrt͡sint͡ʃɒk ˈɟørɟ ˈpɑːl]; February 1, 1908 – May 2, 1980) was a Hungarian-American animator, film director and producer, principally associated with the fantasy and science-fiction genres. He became an American citizen after emigrating from Europe.

George Pal
George Pal in 1979
Born	György Pál Marczincsak (1908-02-01)February 1, 1908 Cegléd, Austria-Hungary
Died	May 2, 1980(1980-05-02) (aged 72) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Resting place	Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City, California
Nationality	Hungarian-American
Other names	Julius György Marczincsak
Citizenship	United States
Alma mater	Hungarian University of Fine Arts
Years active	1934–1975
Spouse	Elisabeth "Zsoka" Pal (1930–1980; his death)
Children	David (b. 1937) Peter (b. 1941)
Awards	See Awards and Honours

He was nominated for Academy Awards (in the category Best Short Subjects, Cartoon) for seven consecutive years (1942–1948) and received an honorary award in 1944. This makes him the second-most nominated Hungarian exile (together with William S. Darling and Ernest Laszlo) after Miklós Rózsa.

Early life and career

Pal was born in Cegléd, Hungary, the son of György Pál Marczincsak, Sr.[2] and his wife Mária. He graduated from the Hungarian University of Fine Arts in 1928 (aged 20). From 1928 to 1931, he made films for Hunnia Film Studio of Budapest, Hungary.

At the age of 23 in 1931, he married Elisabeth "Zsóka" Grandjean, and after moving to Berlin, founded Trickfilm-Studio GmbH Pal und Wittke, with UFA Studios as its main customer from 1931 to 1933. During this time, he patented the Pal-Doll technique (known as Puppetoons in the US).

In 1933, he worked in Prague; in 1934, he made a film advertisement in his hotel room in Paris, and was invited by Philips to make two more ad shorts. He started to use Pal-Doll techniques in Eindhoven, in a former butchery, then at villa-studio Suny Home. He left Germany as the Nazis came to power.

He made five films before 1939 for the British company Horlicks Malted Milk. In December of that year, aged 32, he emigrated from Europe to the United States,[3] and began work for Paramount Pictures. At this time, his friend Walter Lantz helped him obtain American citizenship.

As an animator, he made the Puppetoons series in the 1940s, which led to him being awarded an honorary Oscar in 1943 for "the development of novel methods and techniques in the production of short subjects known as Puppetoons". Pal then switched to live-action film-making with The Great Rupert (1950).

He is best remembered as the producer of several science-fiction and fantasy films in the 1950s and 1960s, such as When Worlds Collide,[4] four of which were collaborations with director Byron Haskin, including The War of the Worlds (1953). He himself directed Tom Thumb (1958), The Time Machine (1960), and The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm (1962).

Death

In May 1980, he died in Beverly Hills, California, of a heart attack at the age of 72, and is buried in Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City, California. The Voyage of the Berg, on which he was working at the time, was never completed.

Awards and honours

Pal has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1722 Vine St. In 1980, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences founded the "George Pal Lecture on Fantasy in Film" series in his memory.

George Pal (along with the film When Worlds Collide) is among the many references to classic science fiction and horror films in the opening theme ("Science Fiction/Double Feature") of both the stage musical The Rocky Horror Show and its cinematic counterpart, The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975).[5]

In 1975, Pal received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement,[6] as well as the San Diego Comic Con Inkpot Award.[7]

Pal's Puppetoons Tulips Shall Grow and John Henry and the Inky-Poo (1946) were added to the Library of Congress 1997 and 2015 National Film Registry.[8] One of the Tubby the Tuba models along with a frog and three string instruments were donated to the Smithsonian Institution for the National Museum of American History.[9]

Preservation

The Academy Film Archive has preserved several of George Pal's films, including Jasper and the Beanstalk, John Henry and the Inky Poo, and Radio Röhren Revolution.[10]

Live-action feature films

Title	Year	Credited as			Notes	Ref(s)
		Director	Producer	Other
The Great Rupert	1950		Yes			[11]
Destination Moon			Yes			[12]
When Worlds Collide	1951		Yes			[13]
Houdini	1953		Yes			[14]
The War of the Worlds			Yes			[15]
The Naked Jungle	1954		Yes			[16]
Conquest of Space	1955		Yes			[17]
Tom Thumb	1958	Yes	Yes			[18]
The Time Machine	1960	Yes	Yes			[19]
Atlantis, the Lost Continent	1961	Yes	Yes			[20]
The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm	1962	Yes	Yes			[21]
7 Faces of Dr. Lao	1964	Yes	Yes			[22]
The Power	1968		Yes			[23]
Doc Savage: The Man of Bronze	1975		Yes			[24]

Unreleased, unfinished, or projected films

• Gulliver's Travels (1935)
• Sinbad (1935)
• Three Little Princes (1935) [25]
• Casey Jones (1945)
• Davy Crockett (1945) [26]
• Johnny Appleseed (1946) [27]
• After Worlds Collide (1955)
• Odd John (1967) (rights acquired only)
• Logan's Run (1968)[28]
• When the Sleeper Wakes (1972)
• War of the Worlds (1974–75) Unfinished TV pilot
• Doc Savage: The Arch Enemy of Evil (1976)
• The Time Traveller (1977–78) aka Time Machine II. A novelization with Joe Morhaim was published posthumously in 1981.
• The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1979)
• The Disappearance (1980) (only in preproduction)
• Voyage of the Berg (1980) (only in preproduction)

Posthumous collection

• The Fantasy Film Worlds of George Pal (1985) (Produced and directed by Arnold Leibovit)
• The Puppetoon Movie (1987) (Produced and directed by Arnold Leibovit)
• The Puppetoon Movie Volume 2 (2020) (Produced and directed by Arnold Leibovit)

References

Bibliography

• Gail Morgan Hickman. The Films of George Pal. South Brunswick, NJ: A.S. Barnes & Co., 1977. ISBN 0-498-01960-8.
• Schepp, Ole and Kamphuis, Fred. George Pal in Holland 1934–1939. Den Haag: Kleinoffsetdrukkerij Kapsenberg, 1983.
• Miller, Thomas Kent. Mars in the Movies: A History. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2016. ISBN 978-0-7864-9914-4.
• Peters, Mette. "George Pal’s ‘Cavalcade of Colours, Music and Dolls’: 1930s Advertising Films in Transnational Contexts". In: Animation and Advertising. Thompson, Kirsten Moana, Cook, Malcolm (Eds.). Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. ISBN 978-3-030-27938-7.

External links

• George Pal at IMDb
• George Pal at Find a Grave
• George Pal Lecture on Fantasy in Film
• A Cinema of Miracles: Remembering George Pal
• George Pal: A Career in Perspective
• George Pal
• War Of The Worlds review plus info on proposed WOTW TV series

На других языках

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[de] George Pal

George Pal (* 1. Februar 1908 in Cegléd, Österreich-Ungarn, als György Pál Marczincsak; † 2. Mai 1980 in Beverly Hills, Kalifornien, USA) war ein ungarisch-US-amerikanischer Tricktechniker, der als Filmproduzent und Filmregisseur durch Science-Fiction- und Fantasyfilme bekannt wurde.

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- [en] George Pal

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[ru] Пал, Джордж

Джордж Пал (англ. George Pal, венг. György Pál Marczincsak; 1 февраля 1908, Цеглед, Венгрия — 2 мая 1980, Лос-Анджелес) — венгерский и американский кинорежиссёр-мультипликатор, продюсер, связанный прежде всего с фантастическим кино.

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