fiction.wikisort.org - WriterDattatreya Balkrishna Kalelkar (1 December 1885 – 21 August 1981), popularly known as Kaka Kalelkar, was an Indian independence activist, social reformer, journalist and an eminent follower of the philosophy and methods of Mahatma Gandhi.
Indian independence activist and social reformer
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Kaka Kalelkar |
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In office 3 April 1952 – 2 April 1964 |
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Born | Dattatreya Balkrishna Kalelkar 1 December 1885 Satara, Maharashtra |
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Died | 21 August 1981(1981-08-21) (aged 95) New Delhi |
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Alma mater | Fergusson College |
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Occupation | Social reformer, activist |
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Biography
Kalelkar was born in Satara on 1 December 1885. His family's ancestral village of Kaleli, near Sawantwadi in Maharashtra, gave him his surname Kalelkar. He matriculated in 1903 and completed B.A. in Philosophy from Fergusson College, Pune in 1907. He appeared in the first year examination of LL.B. and joined Ganesh Vidyalaya in Belgaum in 1908. He worked for a while on the editorial staff of a nationalistic Marathi daily named Rashtramat, and then as a teacher at a school named Ganganath Vidyalaya in Baroda in 1910. In 1912, the British government forcibly closed down the school because of its nationalistic spirit. He traveled to the Himalayas by foot and later joined Acharya Kripalani on a visit to Burma (Myanmar) in 1913. He first met Mahatma Gandhi in 1915.[1]
Influenced by Gandhi, he became member of Sabarmati Ashram. He taught at Rashtriya Shala of Sabarmati Ashram. For some time, he served as the editor of Sarwodaya periodical which was run from the premises of the Ashram. He was imprisoned several times due to his participation in Indian independence movement. With Gandhi's encouragement, he played an active role in establishing Gujarat Vidyapith at Ahmedabad, and served as its vice-chancellor from 1928 to 1935.[2] He retired from Gujarat Vidyapith in 1939.[1] Mahatma Gandhi called him Savai Gujarati, a quarter more than a Gujarati.[1]
In 1935, Kalelkar became member of Rashtabhasha Samiti, a committee whose objective was to popularize Hindi-Hindustani language as the national language of India. He was active with Gandhi Smarak Nidhi from 1948 to his death.[1]
He was appointed a member of Rajya Sabha from 1952 to 1964 and later appointed a president of Backward Classes Commission in 1953.[3] He presided over Gujarati Sahitya Parishad in 1959. He established Gandhi Vidyapith, Vedchhi in 1967 and served as its vice chancellor.[1][clarification needed]
He died on 21 August 1981.[1]
Selected works
Kalelkar wrote several books, including voluminous travelogues, in Gujarati, Marathi, and Hindi. The following is a partial list of Kalelkar's books:
- Quintessence of Gandhian Thought (English)
- Profiles in Inspiration (English)
- Stray Glimpses of Bapu (English)
- Mahatma Gandhi's Gospel of Swadeshi (English)
- Mahatma Gandhi Ka Swadeshi Dharma (Hindi)
- Rashtriya Shiksha Ka Adarsha (Hindi)
- Smaran Yatra (Marathi)
- Uttarekadil Bhinti (Marathi) (also translated into English as Even behind the Bars)
- Hindalgyacha Prasad (Marathi)
- Lok-Mata (Marathi)
- Latanche Tandav (Marathi)
- Himalayatil Pravas (Marathi)
- Himalayano Pravas (Gujarati)
- Jeevan-Vyavastha (Gujarati)
- Purva Africaman (Gujarati)
- Jivavano Anand (Gujarati)
- Jivata Tehvaro (Gujarati)
- Mara Sansmarano (Gujarati)
- Ugamano Desh (Gujarati)
- Otterati Divaro (Gujarati) (also translated into English as Even behind the Bars)
- Brahmadeshano Pravas (Gujarati)
- Rakhadvano Anand (Gujarati)
- Multi-Part Kaka Kalelkar Granthawali
- Part 5: Atmacharitra
- Part 6: Charitra Kirtan
- Part 7: Geeta darshan
- Part 8: Dharma
- Part 9: Sahitya
- Part 10: Diary
- Part 11: Patra
- Sahijan ka ped
Recognition
Kalelkar received a Sahitya Akademi Award in 1965 for his Jeevan-Vyavastha, a collection of essays in Gujarati.[1] He was honored with Sahitya Akademi Fellowship in 1971 for his literary achievements.
The Government of India conferred on him Padma Vibhushan (India's second-highest civilian award after the Bharat Ratna) in 1964.[1][4] It also issued a commemorative stamp in his honor in 1985.
References
- Brahmabhatt, Prasad. અર્વાચીન ગુજરાતી સાહિત્યનો ઈતિહાસ : ગાંધીયુગ અને અનુગાંધીયુગ (History of Modern Gujarati Literature:Gandhi Era and Post-Gandhi Era) (in Gujarati). Parshwa Publication. pp. 38–51.
- "From Kaka Kalelkar and Sarojini Nanavati". The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute. 29 April 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
- Chhokar, Jagdeep S. (August 2008). "Caste card". frontline.thehindu.com. Retrieved 13 October 2019.
- "Padma Awards: Year wise list of recipients (1954–2014)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs (India). 21 May 2014. pp. 1, 3–6, 9, 11, 14, 17, 19–20, 23, 25, 29, 32–33, 37, 42, 48, 55, 59, 63, 66, 69–70, 72, 74, 83, 86, 88, 90–93, 95, 99–100, 105–106, 112, 114–115, 117–118, 121, 126, 131, 135, 139–140, 144, 149, 154–155, 160, 166, 172, 178, 183, 188. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 October 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
Further reading
- A Gandhian Patriarch: A Political and Spiritual Biography of Kaka Kalelkar (book) by Madho Prasad
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship |
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1968–1980 |
- Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1968)
- D. R. Bendre, Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay, Sumitranandan Pant, C. Rajagopalachari (1969)
- Vaikom Muhammad Basheer, Firaq Gorakhpuri, Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar, Viswanatha Satyanarayana (1970)
- Kaka Kalelkar, Gopinath Kaviraj, Gurbaksh Singh, Kalindi Charan Panigrahi (1971)
- Masti Venkatesha Iyengar, Mangharam Udharam Malkani, Nilmoni Phukan, Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, Sukumar Sen, V. R. Trivedi (1973)
- T. P. Meenakshisundaram (1975)
- Atmaram Ravaji Deshpande, Jainendra Kumar, Kuppali Venkatappa Puttappa 'Kuvempu', V. Raghavan, Mahadevi Varma (1979)
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1981–2000 |
- Umashankar Joshi, K. R. Srinivasa Iyengar, K. Shivaram Karanth (1985)
- Mulk Raj Anand, Vinayaka Krishna Gokak, Laxmanshastri Balaji Joshi, Amritlal Nagar, Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai, Annada Shankar Ray (1989)
- Nagarjun, Balamani Amma, Ashapurna Devi, Qurratulain Hyder, Vishnu Bhikaji Kolte, Kanhu Charan Mohanty, P. T. Narasimhachar, R. K. Narayan, Harbhajan Singh (1994)
- Jayakanthan, Vinda Karandikar, Vidya Niwas Mishra, Subhash Mukhopadhyay, Raja Rao, Sachidananda Routray, Krishna Sobti (1996)
- Syed Abdul Malik, K. S. Narasimhaswamy, Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Rajendra Shah, Ram Vilas Sharma, N. Khelchandra Singh (1999)
- Ramchandra Narayan Dandekar, Rehman Rahi (2000)
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2001–present |
- Ram Nath Shastri (2001)
- Kaifi Azmi, Govind Chandra Pande, Nilamani Phookan, Bhisham Sahni (2002)
- Kovilan, U. R. Ananthamurthy, Vijaydan Detha, Bhadriraju Krishnamurti, Amrita Pritam, Shankha Ghosh, Nirmal Verma (2004)
- Manoj Das, Vishnu Prabhakar (2006)
- Anita Desai, Kartar Singh Duggal, Ravindra Kelekar (2007)
- Gopi Chand Narang, Ramakanta Rath (2009)
- Chandranath Mishra Amar, Kunwar Narayan, Bholabhai Patel, Kedarnath Singh, Khushwant Singh (2010)
- Raghuveer Chaudhari, Arjan Hasid, Sitakant Mahapatra, M. T. Vasudevan Nair, Asit Rai, Satya Vrat Shastri (2013)
- Santeshivara Lingannaiah Bhyrappa, C. Narayana Reddy (2014)
- Nirendranath Chakravarty, Gurdial Singh (2016)
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Honorary Fellows | |
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Premchand Fellowship | |
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Ananda Coomaraswamy Fellowship |
- Senake Bandaranayake, Chie Nakane, Azad N. Shamatov (1996)
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Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati |
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1955–1975 | |
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1976–2000 | |
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2001–present | |
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Authority control |
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General | |
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National libraries | |
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Other | |
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