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Bharathiraja (born 17 July 1941) is an Indian film director and actor who works mainly in the Tamil film industry. Making his debut in 1977 with 16 Vayathinile, he is known for realistic and sensitive portrayals of rural life in his films. As of 2017, he has won six National Film Awards, four Filmfare Awards South, two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and a Nandi Award. He has also directed films in Telugu and Hindi. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri award, India's fourth-highest civilian honour, in 2004 for his contribution to the film industry. In 2005, he was conferred with the Doctor of Letters (honorary degree) from Sathyabama University.[3]

Bharathiraja
Born
Chinnasaamy

(1941-07-17) 17 July 1941 (age 81)[1]
Allinagaram, Theni, Madurai District, Madras Presidency, British India.Now Theni district, Tamil Nadu, India.
OccupationFilm director, screenwriter, film producer, actor
Years active1977–present
Spouse
Chandraleela
​
(m. 1974)​
ChildrenManoj Bharathiraja (b.1976)
Janani (b.1979)
Parents
  • Periyamayathevar
  • Karuthammaal
[2]
RelativesManoj Kumar (brother-in-law)
Jayaraj Periyamayathevar (brother)
AwardsPadma Shri (2004)

Film career


Bharathiraja started his film career as an assistant to Kannada filmmaker Puttanna Kanagal.[4] Later, he assisted P. Pullaiah, M. Krishnan Nair,[5] Avinasi Mani and A. Jagannathan. His first film 16 Vayathinile, for which he wrote the script, broke the then existing convention to create a new genre of village cinema. The film is now regarded as a milestone in the history of Tamil Cinema. About the film, Bharathiraja said: "This movie was meant to be a black & white art film produced with the help of National Film Development Corporation", but turned out to be a commercially successful colour film and a starting point for several important careers.[6] His next film Kizhake Pogum Rail produced similar results and eventually brought in criticisms that Bharathiraja was capable of catering only to village audiences. This led him to make Sigappu Rojakkal, about a psychopathic woman-hater that was totally westernized in terms of both conception and production.[7]

Bharathiraja confirmed his versatility and refusal to be tied down to one particular genre with an experimental film Nizhalgal (1980), and the action thriller Tik Tik Tik (1981). But undoubtedly, rural themes proved to be his strong suit as his biggest hits in the 1980s: Alaigal Oivathillai (1981), Mann Vasanai (1983) and Muthal Mariyathai (1985) were strong love stories in a village backdrop. Muthal Mariyathai starred Sivaji Ganesan in the lead, playing a middle-aged village head. Radha is a poor young woman who moves into his village for a living. The love that bonds these two humans separated not just by age but also by caste and class, is told by Bharathiraja with poetic touches.[8]

Vedham Pudhithu dealt with the caste issue in a stronger manner.[9] The film's narrative was seamless and starred Sathyaraj as Balu Thevar. It contains some of Bharathiraja's trademark touches as well as several ground-breaking scenes. However, it does follow the anti-Brahmin trend common in Tamil films – in this respect it departed from his earlier success Alaigal Oiyvadhillai, where the caste and religion factor was given a more balanced treatment. Bharathiraja has successfully managed to modernise his film-making techniques for the 1990s. The commercial success of Kizhakku Cheemaiyile and the awards that Karuththamma garnered stand as testimony to his ability to thrill the younger generation as well. Bharathiraja was on the same stage in 1996 to receive another National Award for Anthimanthaarai.

In late 1996, Bharathiraja was signed on to direct two films, with the Sarathkumar-starrer Vaakkapatta Bhoomi announced in October. The following month, he began work on a film titled Siragugal Murivadhillai, starring Napolean, Heera Rajagopal and Prakash Raj. Both films were later shelved.[10] He planned to revive Vaakkapatta Bhoomi with Cheran during late 2004, but the collaboration did not materialise.[11]

His 2001 film Kadal Pookal won him that year's National Film Award for Best Screenplay. The well-known Tamil film director Bhagyaraj was one of his assistant directors. In 2008, Bharathiraja made his television debut with series Thekkathi Ponnu which aired on Kalaignar TV.[12] He went on to direct two other series Appanum Aathaalum and Muthal Mariyathai for the same channel.[13]

During early 2016, Bharathiraja was embroiled in a legal tussle with director Bala on making a film titled Kutra Parambarai, though neither filmmaker eventually made their respective films.[14][15] He later moved on to plan a film starring director Vasanth's son, Ritwik Varun, and Vikram's nephew, but the film was dropped after two schedules.[16] In 2018, Bharathirajaa was working on a film titled November 8, Iravu 8 Mani starring Vidharth, which narrates events following the decision to demonetise certain banknotes in India.[17][18]


Style, critique and public perception


When the old era was dominated by films shot inside studios, Bharathiraja directed village themed films that inspired Tamil cinema to capture live locations. Array of village films in Tamil cinema started after his trendsetting film 16 Vayathinile.[19][20] He changed the attire of male lead role as simple and without much cosmetics and female leads in his films as dusky looking which were before dominated by fair skinned ladies.[21] He started the style of directors speaking to the audience with his famous dialogue "En Iniya Thamizh Makkale (My sweet Tamil people)".[22][23] Bharathiraja is revered as one of the best directors of Indian cinema. His ideas were original and his subjects were complex ideas expressed in a manner every common man could understand.[24]

He is also known for introducing a number of new faces to the film industry.[21][25] He has introduced many actors as new faces notable among them are Karthik, Radha, Revathi, Raadhika, and Vijayashanti.[26][27][28][29] Apart from lead actors, he has introduced a bunch of supporting actors. Notable among them include Janagaraj, Vadivukkarasi, Chandrasekhar, Pandiyan, and Napoleon.[30][31][32] As an experimental initiative he used to give new actors a small role in his films later they becoming popular among people and turning to busy actors. Many present day directors who were unknown to people turned into actors after playing a debut petty role in his films: K. Bhagyaraj, Manivannan, Manobala, Thiagarajan, and Ponvannan are among them.[33][34] He was also instrumental in portraying Sathyaraj for the first time in lead role.

Bharathiraja inspired many young film makers and runs a school called Bharathi Raja International Institute of Cinema (BRIIC) on film making.[35][36]

Bharathiraja directed socially themed films with special emphasis on women and their complicated interpersonal relationships. He addressed other social evils like caste discrimination in his films.[26][20]


Personal life


Bharathiraja was born as Chinnasamy to parents Periyamayathevar and Karuthammal. He married ChandraLeela in 1974 and has two children Manoj Bharathiraja (born 1976) and Janani (born 1979).

Manoj is an actor who was introduced in Tajmahal and he married actress Nandana.[37][38] Janani is married to Malaysian Rajkumar Thambiraja.[37] Bharathiraja's brother-in-law Manojkumar has directed films such as Mannukkul Vairam, Vandicholai Chinraasu, Vaanavil and Guru Paarvai.[39] His brother Jayaraj made his acting debut with Kaththukkutti.[40] His relative Stalin is a television actor who acted in serials such as Saravanan Meenatchi and 7C.[citation needed]


Awards



Civilian honours



National Film Awards



Filmfare Awards South



Tamil Nadu State Film Awards



Nandi Awards



Vijay Awards



Other awards





Filmography



Films


Year Title Language Credited as Role Notes
Director Writer Actor
197716 VayathinileTamilYYRemade in Telugu as Padaharella Vayasu
Remade in Hindi as Solva Sawan
Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director
1978Kizhake Pogum RailTamilYRemade in Telugu as Toorpu Velle Railu
1978Sigappu RojakkalTamilYYRemade in Hindi as Red Rose
Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director
1979Solva SawanHindiYY
1979Puthiya VaarpugalTamilYRemade in Telugu as Kotha Jeevithalu
1979Niram Maaratha PookkalTamilYVoice for Vijayan
1980Kallukkul EeramTamilYYAs Director BharathirajaActing & Lead role debut
1980Kotha JeevithaluTeluguYY
1980Red RoseHindiYY
1980Nizhalgal TamilYY
1981Alaigal OivathillaiTamilYRemade in Telugu as Seethakoka Chiluka
Remade in Hindi as Lovers
Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director
1981Tik Tik TikTamilYYRemade in Hindi as Karishma
1981Seethakoka ChilukaTeluguYNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu
1982Kaadhal OviyamTamilY
1982Valibamey Vaa VaaTamilY
1983Man VasanaiTamilYRemade in Telugu as Mangammagari Manavadu
1983LoversHindiY
1984Dhavani KanavugalTamilYGuest appearance
1984Pudhumai PennTamilY
1985Oru Kaidhiyin DiaryTamilYRemade in Hindi as Aakhree Raasta
1985Yuvadharam PilicindiTeluguY
1985Mudhal MariyathaiTamilYNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil
1986Saveray Wali GaadiHindiY
1986Kadalora KavithaigalTamilY

Remade in Telugu as Aradhana

1987Vedham PudhithuTamilYNational Film Award for Best Film on Other Social Issues
1987AradhanaTeluguY
1988JamadagniTeluguYDubbed in Tamil as Naarkaali Kanavugal
1988Kodi ParakuthuTamilYDubbed for Manivannan
1990En Uyir ThozhanTamilYY
1991Pudhu Nellu Pudhu NaathuTamilY
1991IdhayamTamilYGuest appearance
1991Thanthu Vitten EnnaiTamilYGuest appearance
1992Nadodi ThendralTamilY
1993Captain MagalTamilY
1993Kizhakku CheemayileTamilYRemade in Telugu as Palnati Pourusham
1994KaruthammaTamilYNational Film Award for Best Film on Family Welfare
1995Pasum PonnTamilY
1996Tamizh SelvanTamilY
1996AnthimanthaaraiTamilYNational Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil
1999Taj MahalTamilY
2001Kadal PookkalTamilYYNational Film Award for Best Screenplay
2002Kadhal VirusTamilYGuest appearance
2003Eera NilamTamilY
2004Kangalal Kaidhu SeiTamilY
2004Aayutha EzhuthuTamilYSelvanayagam
2010RettaisuzhiTamilYSingaravelan
2013AnnakodiTamilYY
2013PandianaduTamilYKalyanasundaramVijay Award for Best Supporting Actor
2014Ninaithathu YaaroTamilYGuest appearance
2016Final Cut of DirectorHindiYYPartially reshot in Tamil as Bommalattam (2008)
2017Kurangu BommaiTamilYSundaram
2017PadaiveeranTamilYKrishnan
2018SeethakaathiTamilYHimself (Special appearance)
2019Kennedy ClubTamilYSavarimuthu
2019Namma Veetu PillaiTamilYArunmozhivarman
2020Meendum Oru MariyathaiTamilYYYOm
2021EeswaranTamilYPeriyasamy
2021RockyTamilYManimaran
2022Kuttram KuttrameTamilY
2022ThiruchitrambalamTamilYThiruchitrambalam Sr.

Television


List of TV Serials directed by Bharathiraja and aired at Kalaignar TV.[48]


Dubbing artist



Singer



References


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  2. "இயக்குனர் இமயம் பாரதிராஜா! - Lakshman Sruthi - 100% Manual Orchestra -". Lakshman Sruthi. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
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  12. "Bharathiraja strikes Kalaignar - Behindwoods.com Thekkathi Ponnu Napoleon Ranjitha Chandrashekar Swarnamalya Manoj Creations hot images tamil picture gallery images". Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
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  16. "Neither Kutraparambarai nor Alaigal Oivadhillai Part 2 - Tamil News". 21 July 2016. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
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