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Harikrishan Goswami (born 24 July 1937), better known by his screen name Manoj Kumar, is an Indian actor, filmmaker, screenwriter, lyricist and editor who worked in Hindi cinema. He is known for acting and making films with patriotic themes, and has been given the nickname Bharat Kumar.[upper-alpha 1] He is the recipient of a National Film Award and seven Filmfare Awards, in varied categories.

Manoj Kumar
Kumar in 2012
Born	Harikrishan Goswami (1937-07-24) 24 July 1937 (age 85) Abbottabad, North-West Frontier Province, British India (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
Nationality	Indian
Other names	Bharat Kumar
Occupation	Actor film director film producer screenwriter lyricist editor politician
Years active	1957–1999
Political party	Bharatiya Janata Party
Spouse	Shashi Goswami
Children	2; including Kunal Goswami & Vishal Goswami
Relatives	Manish R Goswami (brother)
Honours	Padma Shri (1992) Dadasaheb Phalke Award (2015)

Early life

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Kumar was born into a Hindu Brahmin[1] family Abbottabad, a town in the North-West Frontier Province, British India (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan).[2] His original birth name was Harikrishan Giri Goswami. When he was 10, his family had to migrate from Jandiala Sher Khan to Delhi due to the Partition[3]

Career

When he was young, he admired actors Dilip Kumar, Ashok Kumar and Kamini Kaushal and decided to name himself Manoj Kumar, after Dilip Kumar's character in Shabnam.[2]

After making a little-noticed début in Fashion in 1957, Kumar landed his first leading role in Kaanch Ki Gudia (1960) opposite Saida Khan. Piya Milan Ki Aas and Reshmi Roomal followed, setting the stage for the Vijay Bhatt-directed Hariyali Aur Raasta (1962) opposite Mala Sinha. Kumar then appeared with Sadhana in Raj Khosla's Woh Kaun Thi (1964), and reunited with Vijay Bhatt and Mala Sinha in Himalaya Ki God Mein (1965). Kumar and Raj Khosla repeated their successful actor-director partnership with the film Do Badan, which was remembered for many reasons, including Raj Khosla's direction, Kumar and the heroine Asha Parekh's performance and songs written by the lyricist Shakeel Badayuni, among others.^{[citation needed]}

Film work

In the 1960s his successful films included romantic films like Honeymoon, Apna Banake Dekho, Naqli Nawab, Paththar Ke Sanam, Sajan and Sawan Ki Ghata and social films such as Shaadi, Grihasti, Apne Huye Paraye, and Aadmi and thrillers such as Gumnaam, Anita, and Woh Kaun Thi and comedy film like Picnic.

Kumar's starred in the 1965 film Shaheed,[4] based on the life of Bhagat Singh, the Independence revolutionary. After the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri asked him to create a film based on the popular slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kissan (hail the soldier, hail the farmer).[2]

The result was Kumar's directorial debut Upkaar (1967). In this award-winning film, he played both a soldier and a farmer. The film was also noted for the song "Mere Desh Ki Dharti", written by Gulshan Bawra, composed by Kalyanji-Anandji and sung by Mahendra Kapoor. Upkaar won him his first Filmfare Best Director Award.^{[citation needed]}

He returned to patriotic themes in Purab Aur Paschim (1970), in which life in the East and West are juxtaposed. The film Pehchaan directed by Sohanlal Kanwar had Kumar opposite Babita and was successful.

In 1972, he starred in Be-Imaan (for which he won the Best Actor) and later directed and starred in Shor (1972). The latter, opposite Nanda, was not a huge box office success on its release, but has gained cult status over the years. It featured the memorable song "Ek Pyar Ka Nagma Hai", a duet by Lata Mangeshkar and Mukesh, which was composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal and written by Santosh Anand.

He consistently liked working with actors Prem Nath, Pran, Prem Chopra, Kamini Kaushal and Hema Malini in his career. His closest friends from the industry included Raj Kapoor, Mukesh, Mahendra Kapoor, Dharmendra, Rajendra Kumar, Shashi Kapoor and Rajesh Khanna.

Peak of his career

In the mid-1970s Kumar starred in three hit films; Roti Kapda Aur Makaan (1974) which was a social commentary, featuring an all-star cast including Zeenat Aman, Shashi Kapoor and Amitabh Bachchan. He won his second Filmfare Award for Best Director for the film Roti Kapda Makan. Sanyasi, a religious-themed comedy, starring Kumar and Hema Malini, was hugely successful. Dus Numbri (1976) also gave Kumar, Pran, Prem Nath and Hema top billing.^{[citation needed]}

In 1981, Kumar reached the peak of his career when he got the opportunity to direct his idol, Dilip Kumar, as well as to star in Kranti, a story about the struggle for Indian independence in the 19th century. Kranti was the last notable successful Hindi film in his career. He also starred in the hit Punjabi film Jat Punjabi.^{[citation needed]}

Later career

After Kranti in 1981, Kumar's career began to decline, when the films he did with him in lead role like Kalyug Aur Ramayan in 1987 and later Clerk in 1989 failed at the box office. In 1989, he cast Pakistani actors Mohammad Ali and Zeba in his film Clerk. He quit acting after his appearance in the 1995 film Maidan-E-Jung. He directed his son, Kunal Goswami, in the 1999 film Jai Hind which had a patriotic theme. The film was a flop and was the last film Kumar worked on.

He was awarded the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1999 for a career spanning over 40 years.

His trademark hand-covering-the-face was very popular and continues to be the butt of jokes of latter day stand-up comedians. In 2007, the Shah Rukh Khan film Om Shanti Om featured the lead character pretending to be Manoj Kumar so as to sneak into a movie premiere, by holding his hand over his face. Kumar filed a lawsuit, which was settled out of court.[5]

Politics

Like many other Bollywood stars, Kumar decided to enter politics following his retirement. Before the 2004 general election in India, he officially joined Bharatiya Janta Party.[6]

Filmography

Year	Film	Role	Notes
1957	Fashion
1958	Sahara	Shyam
	Panchayat	Gopal
1959	Chand	Gokul
1960	Honeymoon
1961	Kaanch Ki Gudiya	Raju
	Piya Milan Ki Aas	Maji
	Suhag Sindoor	Ratan
	Reshmi Rumal	Shyam
1962	Hariyali Aur Rasta	Shankar
	Dr. Vidya	Ratan Chowdhury
	Shaadi	Raja
	Banarsi Thug	Shyam
	Maa Beta	Keshav
	Naqli Nawab	Yusuf
1963	Apna Bana Ke Dekho
	Ghar Basake Dekho	Kumar
	Grahasti	Mohan
1964	Apne Huye Paraye	Dr. Shankar
	Woh Kaun Thi?	Dr. Anand
	Phoolon Ki Sej	Nirmal Verma
1965	Shaheed	Shaheed-e-Azam Bhagat Singh
	Bedaag	Rajesh
	Himalay Ki God Mein	Dr. Sunil Mehra
	Gumnaam	C.I.D. Inspector Anand
	Poonam Ki Raat	Prakash Gupta
1966	Picnic	Vinod
	Do Badan	Vikas
	Sawan Ki Ghata	Gopal
1967	Patthar Ke Sanam	Rajesh
	Anita	Neeraj
	Upkar	Bharat	also director
1968	Neel Kamal	Ram
	Aadmi	Dr. Shekhar
1969	Sajan	Ashok Saxena
1970	Purab Aur Paschim	Bharat	also director
	Yaadgaar	Bhanu
	Pehchan	Gangaram
	Mera Naam Joker	David Francis
1971	Balidaan	Raja
1972	Shor	Shankar	also director
	Be-Imaan	Mohan
1974	Roti Kapda Aur Makaan	Bharat	also director
1975	Sanyasi	Ram Rai
1976	Dus Numbri	Arjun
1977	Shirdi Ke Sai Baba	Doctor / Scientist
	Amaanat	Deepak
1979	Jat Punjabi	Jat Punjabi
1981	Kranti	Bharat / Kranti	also director
1987	Kalyug Aur Ramayan	Pawan Putra Shri Hanuman
1989	Santosh	Santosh Singh
	Clerk	Bharat	also director
1991	Deshwasi	Sangram Singh
1995	Maidan-E-Jung	Master Dinanath
1999	Jai Hind		only director

Accolades and honours

Civilian award

Year	Honor	Result	Ref.
1992	Padma Shri by Government of India	Honored	[7]

National Film Awards

Year	Category	Work	Result	Ref.
1968	Second Best Feature Film	Upkaar	Won	[8]
2016	Dadasaheb Phalke Award		Honored	[9]

State Honours

Year	Category	Work	Result	Ref.
2008	Kishore Kumar Award		Honored	[10]
2010	Raj Kapoor Award		Honored	[11]

Filmfare Awards

Year	Category	Work	Result	Ref.
1968	Best Film	Upkaar	Won	[12]
	Best Director		Won
	Best Story		Won
	Best Dialogue		Won
	Best Actor		Nominated
1969	Best Supporting Actor	Aadmi	Nominated
1972	Best Actor	Beimaan	Won
	Best Director	Shor	Nominated	[13]
	Best Story		Nominated
	Best Editing		Won
1975	Best Film	Roti Kapda Aur Makaan	Nominated	[14]
	Best Director		Won
	Best Story		Nominated
	Best Actor		Nominated
1976		Sanyasi	Nominated	[15]
1999	Lifetime Achievement Award		Honored	[16]

BFJA Awards

Year	Category	Work	Result	Ref.
1968	Best Dialogue	Upkaar	Won	[17]

Other Awards

• 2007 – Sardar Patel Lifetime Achievement International Award[18]
• 2008 – Star Screen Lifetime Achievement Award
• 2010 – Lifetime Achievement Award at the 12th Mumbai Film Festival[19]
• 2012 – Lifetime Achievement Award at the Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Award[20]
• 2012 – Lifetime Achievement Award at the Nashik International Film Festival[21]
• 2012 – Bharat Gaurav Award in New Jersey, United States[22]
• 2013 – Lifetime Achievement Award at the Jagran Film Festival[23][24]
• 2019 – Lifetime Achievement Award from Power Brands at BFJA (Bollywood Film Journalists Awards)[25]
• 2020 - Kalaimamani[26]

Other honours

• 2008 – To honour Manoj Kumar, the Government of Madhya Pradesh decided to institute a Rs 100,000 award in his name. The state government also recommended Kumar's name for Bharat Ratna to the central government.[27]
• 2011 – In recognition of the devotion of Manoj Kumar towards Shri Sai Baba, the Shri Saibaba Sansthan Trust in Shirdi renamed "Pimpalwadi Road" in Shirdi as "Manojkumar Goswami Road".[28]

References

Notes

Citations

External links

• Manoj Kumar: Bollywood's Own Mr Bharat
• Manoj Kumar : Profile, Gallery, Photos, Videos, News
• Manoj Kumar at IMDb

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