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Nicanor Segundo Parra Sandoval (5 September 1914 – 23 January 2018) was a Chilean poet and physicist. He was considered one of the most influential Chilean poets of the Spanish language in the 20th century, often compared with Pablo Neruda. Parra described himself as an "anti-poet," due to his distaste for standard poetic pomp and function; after recitations he would exclaim "Me retracto de todo lo dicho" ("I take back everything I said").

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Parra and the second or maternal family name is Sandoval.
Nicanor Parra Sandoval
Born
Nicanor Segundo Parra Sandoval

(1914-09-05)5 September 1914
San Fabián de Alico, Chile
Died23 January 2018(2018-01-23) (aged 103)
La Reina, Chile
OccupationPoet
AwardsMiguel de Cervantes Prize (2011)

Life


Parra in 1935
Parra in 1935

Parra, the son of a schoolteacher, was born in 1914 in San Fabián de Alico, near Chillán, in Chile.[1] He came from the artistically prolific Parra family of performers, musicians, artists, and writers. His sister, Violeta Parra, was a folk singer, as was his brother Roberto Parra Sandoval.

In 1933, he entered the Instituto Pedagógico of the University of Chile, where he qualified as a teacher of mathematics and physics in 1938, one year after the publication of his first book, Cancionero sin Nombre. After teaching in Chilean secondary schools, in 1943 he enrolled in Brown University in the United States to study physics. In 1948, he attended Oxford University to study cosmology.[2] He returned to Chile as a professor at the Universidad de Chile in 1952. Parra served as a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Chile from 1952 to 1991, and was a visiting professor at Louisiana State University, New York University, and Yale University.[3] He read his poetry in England, France, Russia, Mexico, Cuba, and the United States. He published dozens of books.

As a young man, he was promoted by Gabriel Mistral and Pablo Neruda. He came to Mistral's attention when she visited Chillán. The national anthem was played in her honor, as Latin America's first Nobel laureate; at its conclusion, Parra leapt onto the stage and recited a poem he'd written for her the previous night. Mistral, standing for the anthem, remained standing until Parra finished, and later introduced him to important people in Santiago as a poet of future global renown. Subsequently, Neruda arranged for Parra's collection Poemas y Antipoemas to be published in Buenos Aires, in 1954.[4]

Poemas y Antipoemas is a classic of Latin American literature, one of the most influential Spanish poetry collections of the twentieth century. It is cited as an inspiration by American Beat writers such as Allen Ginsberg.[5][6]

Nicanor Parra at the age of 100
Nicanor Parra at the age of 100

A fictionalized version of Parra appeared in Alejandro Jodorowsky's autobiographical film Endless Poetry (2016).


Death


Parra died on 23 January 2018, at 7:00 am, in La Reina in Santiago de Chile, at the age of 103.[7]


Awards


As far I know, only the Mexican poet Mario Santiago has made a lucid reading of his work. We others have only seen a dark meteorite.

— Roberto Bolaño about Nicanor Parra in Entre paréntesis

Parra was proposed on four occasions for the Nobel Prize in Literature.[8] On 1 December 2011, Parra won the Spanish Ministry of Culture's Cervantes Prize, the most important literary prize in the Spanish-speaking world.[9][10] On 7 June 2012, he won the Pablo Neruda Ibero-American Poetry Award.[11]


List of works


English translations


References


  1. "Nicanor Parra un antipoeta, matemático y físico". EL UNIVERSAL (in Spanish). EL UNIVERSAL, Compañía Periodística Nacional. 1 December 2011. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  2. Los desconocidos años de Nicanor en Oxford, Qué Pasa (in Spanish), 5 August 2009
  3. Holmes, Anne (23 January 2018). "Literary Treasures: Chilean Poet Nicanor Parra Reading from his Work | From the Catbird Seat: Poetry & Literature at the Library of Congress". blogs.loc.gov. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  4. Parra, Nicanor (1985). Antipoems: New and Selected. Introduction by Frank MacShane. New York: New Directions Publishing. p. x. ISBN 0811209598. OCLC 1043466364.
  5. "Chilean poet Nicanor Parra wins Cervantes Prize". CBC News. 1 December 2011.
  6. "Nicanor Parra Havana 1965". Allen Ginsberg Project. Allen Ginsberg Project. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  7. Otis, John (23 January 2018). "Nicanor Parra, Chile's eminent poet and 'anti-poet,' dies at 103". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  8. "Nicanor Parra va nuevamente tras el Nobel, respaldado por Bachelet". Emol.com. 5 January 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
  9. "Nicanor Parra awarded Cervantes Prize". BBC News. 1 December 2011.
  10. Rodriguez M., Javier (1 December 2011). "El poeta chileno Nicanor Parra, premio Cervantes". El Pais. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  11. "Nicanor Parra gana Premio de Poesía Pablo Neruda". Cultura Latercera (in Spanish). Latercera. 6 July 2012. Retrieved 21 June 2012.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nicanor Parra.

На других языках

[de] Nicanor Parra

Nicanor Parra Sandoval (* 5. September 1914 in San Fabián de Alico bei Chillán; † 23. Januar 2018 in Las Cruces, Provinz San Antonio[1]) war ein chilenischer Dichter. Er bezeichnete sich selbst als „Antipoeten“ und gilt als Begründer der „Antipoesie“.
- [en] Nicanor Parra

[es] Nicanor Parra

Nicanor Segundo Parra Sandoval (San Fabián de Alico, 5 de septiembre de 1914-La Reina, Santiago, 23 de enero de 2018) fue un poeta, profesor, físico e intelectual chileno,[4] cuya obra ha tenido una profunda influencia en la literatura hispanoamericana.[5]

[fr] Nicanor Parra

Nicanor Parra Sandoval (né à San Fabián de Alico (es), le 5 septembre 1914 et mort à La Reina le 23 janvier 2018) est un poète, mathématicien et physicien chilien qui se présente lui-même comme un antipoète.

[ru] Парра, Никанор

Никанор Сегундо Па́рра Сандова́ль (исп. Nicanor Segundo Parra Sandoval; 5 сентября 1914 года, Сан-Фабиан-де-Алико, Чили — 23 января 2018 года, Эль-Табо, Сан-Антонио, Вальпараисо, Чили) — чилийский поэт, учёный (физик и математик), педагог.


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