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Juan Gelman (3 May 1930 – 14 January 2014) was an Argentine poet. He published more than twenty books of poetry between 1956 and his death in early 2014. He was a naturalized citizen of Mexico,[1] country where he arrived as a political exile of the Military Junta.

Juan Gelman
Born(1930-05-03)3 May 1930
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Died14 January 2014(2014-01-14) (aged 83)
Mexico City, Mexico
OccupationPoet

In 2007, Gelman was awarded the Cervantes Prize, the most important in Spanish literature. His works celebrate life but are also tempered with social and political commentary and reflect his own painful experiences with the politics of Argentina.


Biography


Juan Gelman Burichson was born on May 3, 1930, in Buenos Aires Villa Crespo neighborhood to Jewish immigrants from Ukraine. As a boy he read Russian and European literature widely under the tutelage of his brother Boris. [2] His father, José Gelman, was a social revolutionary who participated in the 1905 revolution in Russia; he immigrated to Argentina, went back shortly after the Bolshevik revolution, and then returned to Argentina for good, disillusioned.[2]

Gelman learned to read when he was three years old, and spent much of his childhood reading and playing soccer. He developed an interest in poetry at a very young age, influenced by his brother Boris, who read to him several poems in Russian, a language that the boy did not know. The experience of reading Dostoevsky's The Insulted and Humiliated (1861) at age eight made a profound impression on him.

As a young man he was a member of several notable literary groups and later became an important journalist. He also worked as a translator at the United Nations. He was always an ardent political activist. In 1975 he became involved with the Montoneros, though he later distanced himself from the group. After the 1976 Argentine coup, he was forced into exile from Argentina. In 1976, his son Marcelo and his pregnant daughter-in-law, Maria Claudia, aged 20 and 19, were kidnapped from their home. They became two of the 30,000 desaparecidos, the people who were forcibly "vanished" without a trace during the reign of the military junta. In 1990 Gelman was led to identify his son's remains (he had been executed and buried in a barrel filled with sand and cement), and years later, in 2000, he was able to trace his granddaughter, born in a backdoor hospital before Maria Claudia's murder and given to a pro-government family in Uruguay. The remains of Maria Claudia have not yet been recovered.

During his long exile, Gelman lived in Europe until 1988, then in United States and later in Mexico, with his wife, Argentinian psychologist Mara La Madrid.

In 1997, Gelman received the Argentine National Poetry Prize, in recognition of his life's work, and in 2007 the Cervantes Prize, the most important prize for Spanish-language writers. He also had a long and brilliant career as journalist, writing for the Argentinian newspaper Pagina/12 until his death.

Gelman included Uruguayan police officer Hugo Campos Hermida in a legal suit lodged in Spain for the "disappearance" of his daughter-in-law in Uruguay.[3]


His granddaughter


At the beginning of the 21st century, Uruguayan President Jorge Batlle Ibáñez ordered an investigation and Gelman's granddaughter was found. Macarena, who had lived as an adopted child, took the surnames of her parents and started a career as a human rights activist.


Death


Gelman died at age 83 of complications with preleukemia at his home in the Condesa neighborhood of Mexico City.[4] His granddaughter, Macarena, flew in from Uruguay to attend the funeral. Three days of national mourning was declared by Argentina's President, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner.


Personal Papers


Juan Gelman's archive which includes drafts of writings and a collection of files he kept pertaining to his human rights investigations is available for research at the Manuscripts Division in the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections at Princeton University.[5]


Works



Published in English translation



Published in Spanish



Poetry


Anthologies


Prose


Criticism of his works



See also



References


  1. "Encabeza Peña Nieto la ceremonia por el XXV Aniversario de Conaculta". Fondo de Cultura Económica. Retrieved 18 July 2015. Antes de iniciar su mensaje, el mandatario rindió homenaje a la memoria del poeta argentino, naturalizado mexicano, Juan Gelman, por quien se ofreció un minuto de silencio.
  2. "I am the only Argentinian in the family. My parents and my two siblings were Ukrainian. They immigrated in 1928." Juan Gelman: Semblanza Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish) In the same brief autobiographical text, Gelman states that his mother was a student of medicine and the daughter of a rabbi from a small town. "[My parents] never shut us up in a ghetto, culturally or otherwise. [...] I received no religious education." Gelman would later write some poems in Ladino, i.e., Judeo-Spanish; he is also known for being sharply critical of Israel.
  3. A los 73 años murió el inspector mayor (r) Hugo Campos Hermida (in Spanish)
  4. "Fallece a los 83 años el escritor Juan Gelman". Excélsior. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2015.
  5. "Juan Gelman Papers (C1511) -- Juan Gelman Papers". findingaids.princeton.edu. Retrieved 2016-10-12.


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На других языках

- [en] Juan Gelman

[es] Juan Gelman

Juan Gelman (Buenos Aires, 3 de mayo de 1930 - México, D. F., 14 de enero de 2014)[3][4][5][6] fue un renombrado poeta argentino. Escritor desde su niñez, se desempeñó como periodista, traductor y militante en organizaciones guerrilleras. Exiliado durante la dictadura militar iniciada en 1976, retornó a la Argentina en 1988 aunque se radicó en México. Buena parte de su vida y obra literaria se vieron signadas por el secuestro y desaparición de sus hijos y la búsqueda de su nieta nacida en cautiverio. Fue el cuarto argentino galardonado con el Premio Miguel de Cervantes, luego de Jorge Luis Borges, Ernesto Sabato y Adolfo Bioy Casares. Se lo considera uno de los grandes poetas contemporáneos de habla hispana,[7][8] y un «expresionista del dolor».[9] A su muerte, la Presidencia de la Nación Argentina decretó tres días de duelo nacional.[10][11]

[fr] Juan Gelman

Juan Gelman (né le 3 mai 1930 à Buenos Aires, mort le 14 janvier 2014 à Mexico) est un poète argentin, l'un des plus reconnus de la poésie latino-américaine[1],[2].

[ru] Хельман, Хуан

Хуан Хельман (исп. Juan Gelman; 3 мая 1930, Буэнос-Айрес — 14 января 2014, Мехико[3]) — аргентинский поэт и журналист, лауреат многочисленных премий.


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