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Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat. Set during the Battle of Normandy in World War II, the film is known for its graphic portrayal of war, especially its depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings. The film follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller (Tom Hanks) and his squad (Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Giovanni Ribisi, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies) as they search for a paratrooper, Private first class James Francis Ryan (Matt Damon), the last surviving brother of four, the three other brothers having been killed in action. The film was a co-production between DreamWorks Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Amblin Entertainment, and Mutual Film Company. DreamWorks distributed the film in North America while Paramount released the film internationally.

Saving Private Ryan
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Steven Spielberg
Written by	Robert Rodat
Produced by	Steven Spielberg Ian Bryce Mark Gordon Gary Levinsohn
Starring	Tom Hanks Edward Burns Matt Damon Tom Sizemore
Cinematography	Janusz Kamiński
Edited by	Michael Kahn
Music by	John Williams
Production companies	DreamWorks Pictures Paramount Pictures Amblin Entertainment Mutual Film Company
Distributed by	DreamWorks Pictures (North America) Paramount Pictures (International)
Release date	July 24, 1998 (1998-07-24)
Running time	169 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$70 million[1]
Box office	$485 million[2]

Rodat first wrote the script in 1994 after reading about the Niland brothers, and by 1996 producer Mark Gordon acquired the rights to Rodat's script. After eleven rewrites, Gordon began developing the project at Paramount.[3] Spielberg, who at the time was forming DreamWorks, was eventually hired by Paramount to direct the film while DreamWorks would co-finance as part of a deal. After the cast went through training supervised by Marine veteran Dale Dye, the film's principal photography started in June 1997 and lasted two months. The film's D-Day scenes were shot in Ballinesker Beach, Curracloe Strand, Ballinesker, just east of Curracloe, County Wexford, Ireland, and used members of the Irish Army reserve as extras to portray infantry for the D-Day landing.

Saving Private Ryan received publicity for its graphic depiction of violence and war, with Spielberg himself expecting the film to receive a NC-17 rating from the Motion Picture Association of America. On its release, Saving Private Ryan became the second highest-grossing film of 1998 worldwide with $485 million worldwide, behind Armageddon. The film received critical acclaim from critics and audiences, who praised the performances, realism, cinematography, score, screenplay, and Spielberg's direction. Topping many film critics' 1998 top ten lists and winning numerous awards, Saving Private Ryan won five Academy Awards, including Spielberg’s second Academy Award for Best Director, though it lost the Academy Award for Best Picture to Shakespeare in Love in a controversial Oscars upset. The film solidified Damon’s rising star power and would strengthen a collaborative relationship between Spielberg and Hanks, while the film also helped Diesel launch his career.

In the years since its release, Saving Private Ryan has maintained its reputation as one of the greatest and most influential films of the 1990s, one of the greatest war and action films of all time, and one of the greatest films ever made, and some declaring it as Spielberg's best film.[4][5] Hailed as an influential landmark in the war and action film genres, the film helped depict war and action scenes with a stronger emphasis on realism while helping influence cinematography due to its use of desaturated colors, hand-held cameras, and tight angles.[6][7][8] It has also been credited for renewing interest in World War II media, particularly World War II-themed first-person shooter games that became popular in the 2000s. In 2007, the American Film Institute ranked Saving Private Ryan as the 71st-greatest American movie in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) and in 2014, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[9]

Plot

An elderly veteran visits the Normandy Cemetery with his family. At a specific grave, he is overcome with emotion and begins to recall his time as a soldier.

On the morning of June 6, 1944, the U.S. Army lands at Omaha Beach as part of the Normandy invasion. Captain John H. Miller leads his command, Company C, 2nd Ranger Battalion in a breakout from the beach. The staff at the United States Department of War learns that James Francis Ryan of the 101st Airborne Division is missing and presumed to be the last survivor of four brothers who are all in the military. General George C. Marshall orders Ryan to be found and sent home so that his family will not lose all its sons.

Miller is ordered to lead a detachment in finding Ryan. As they arrive in the contested town of Neuville between German defenders and the 101st Airborne, Caparzo is killed by a German sniper. Miller and his men find a paratrooper named Ryan but he is not the one for whom they are searching, and they are directed to a rally point where James Francis Ryan's unit should be. Miller learns that Ryan is defending a key bridge in the town of Ramelle. En route, Miller decides against the judgment of his soldiers to neutralize a German machine gun nest, which results in Wade's death. A surviving German soldier is spared by the intervention of Upham, the detachment's interpreter, who is unused to the horrors of combat. Miller blindfolds the soldier, who has been nicknamed "Steamboat Willie", and orders him to surrender to the next Allied patrol. When Reiben threatens to desert, Miller defuses the situation by calmly telling a story that reveals his civilian background as a teacher and baseball coach, of which he has not previously spoken, and which has been the subject of much speculation among his men.

Upon arriving in Ramelle, Miller's detachment makes contact with Ryan and informs him of his brothers' deaths. Though upset, Ryan refuses to abandon his post defending the town's bridge. The town soon comes under siege by attacking Germans, and Miller assumes command as the only officer present. He and his unit fight alongside the 101st, but the German armor advantage takes a toll on the Americans. Jackson, Mellish and Horvath are killed in the fighting, and Steamboat Willie shoots Miller as he attempts to blow up the bridge with pre-placed explosives. American P-51 Mustang fighter planes and Sherman tanks arrive and halt the German advance. Upham confronts Steamboat Willie, who attempts to talk Upham into letting him go again; now aware of the difficult choices soldiers make during war, Upham shoots and kills him. The mortally wounded Miller tells Ryan to "earn this" referring to the sacrifices others have made so that Ryan can have a postwar life.

Ryan is revealed to be the elderly veteran and the grave to be Miller's. Ryan expresses gratitude for the sacrifices made by Miller and his men, says he hopes he "earned it", and salutes the grave.

Cast

Production

Development

In 1994, Robert Rodat's wife gave him the bestseller D-Day: June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II by historian Stephen Ambrose. While reading the book during an early morning walk in a small New Hampshire village, Rodat was "struck by a monument dedicated to those who had died in various wars, particularly because of the repeated last names of brothers who were killed in action". He was inspired by an actual family in Ambrose's book named the Nilands, which had lost two sons in the war and was thought to have lost a third, whose fourth son was "snatched" out of Normandy by the War Department.[10]

Rodat proposed the pitch to producer Mark Gordon. Gordon then pitched Rodat's idea to Paramount Pictures, whose executives liked the idea and commissioned Rodat to write the script.[11][10] While Rodat began rewriting the script, Paramount and Gordon sought to find a director for the film. Michael Bay was approached by Paramount executives to direct the film, but he declined the offer as he felt he didn't know how to approach the material.[12] He eventually went on to direct the 2001 film Pearl Harbor, which depicted the events of the Pearl Harbor attacks. Carin Sage at Creative Artists Agency read Rodat's script and made Steven Spielberg, who was one of the agency's clients, aware of it. At the same time, Spielberg, already preparing to direct The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997) for Universal Pictures, was finishing establishing the independent studio DreamWorks Pictures with music executive David Geffen and former Disney executive Jeffrey Katzenberg. Spielberg learned of the script from Carin and immediately picked up the script and became interested in the film.[13]

Spielberg had already demonstrated his interest in World War II themes with the films 1941, Empire of the Sun, Schindler's List, and the Indiana Jones series. When asked about this by American Cinematographer, Spielberg said, "I think that World War II is the most significant event of the last 100 years; the fate of the Baby Boomers and even Generation X was linked to the outcome. Beyond that, I've just always been interested in World War II. My earliest films, which I made when I was about 14 years old, were combat pictures that were set both on the ground and in the air. For years now, I've been looking for the right World War II story to shoot, and when Robert Rodat wrote Saving Private Ryan, I found it."[14]

When Spielberg met with Paramount, he told the studio he would sign on to direct the film for them. However, he conditioned that DreamWorks be involve with the financing and distribution with the film, along with his Amblin Entertainment and Gordon's Mutual Film Company.[3] Because Paramount bought the rights to Rodat's script, the two studios struggled to determine who would handle domestic distribution for Saving Private Ryan, as DreamWorks wanted to distribute future films Spielberg directed.[15] Sumner Redstone, chairman of Viacom (Paramount's parent owner at the time), met with Paramount and DreamWorks executives a Beverly Hills hotel in April 1997 to determine distribution rights. Through a coin toss organized by Redstone, DreamWorks won domestic distribution (the United States and Canada), while Paramount retained international rights.[16] In exchange for distribution rights for Saving Private Ryan, Paramount would retain domestic distribution rights to Deep Impact, while DreamWorks would acquire international distribution.[11]

Writing

Rodat's earlier drafts were in the spirit of a standard action film, something Spielberg was intended on making.[17] However, after Spileberg met with several World War II veterans prior to pre-production, he realized the film had to be closer to reality.[17] He comissioned Rodat to do extensive rewrites of the script, constantly rearranging the fates of several characters in order to make the tone more realistic. Scott Frank and Frank Darabont were hired by Spielberg to do additional rewrites for the script, though they were uncredited as Rodat was credited for the final draft of the script.[18]

Pre-production

In casting the film Spielberg sought to create a cast that "looked" the part, stating in an interview, "You know, the people in World War II actually looked different than people look today," adding to this end that he cast partly based on wanting the cast "to match the faces I saw on the newsreels."[19]

Gordon and co-producer Gary Levinsohn were interested in having Tom Hanks appear in the film as Captain Miller. Gordon recounted, "Tom was enormously excited about it and said, 'Steven and I have always wanted to work together."[20] Pete Postlethwaite,[21] Harrison Ford and Mel Gibson were initially considered for the role of Miller.[22]

Edward Norton turned down the role of Private Ryan to do the film American History X.[23] Noah Wyle also passed on the role of Private Ryan, due to not being able to get out of his contract for ER.

Lisa Sanderson alleged in a 2013 lawsuit that Garth Brooks was offered a role in the movie but turned it down as he did not want to be outshone by superstars like Tom Hanks and Matt Damon.[24]

Before filming began, several of the film's stars, including Edward Burns, Tom Sizemore, Barry Pepper, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, Giovanni Ribisi, and Tom Hanks, endured ten days of "boot camp" training led by Marine veteran Dale Dye and Warriors, Inc., a California company that specializes in training actors for realistic military portrayals.[25] Matt Damon was trained separately, so the rest of the group, whose characters are supposed to feel resentment towards Damon's character, would not bond with him.[26] Spielberg had stated that his main intention in forcing the actors to go through the boot camp was not to learn the proper techniques but rather "because I wanted them to respect what it was like to be a soldier."[19] During filming, Sizemore was battling drug addiction and Spielberg required him to be drug tested every day. If he failed a test, he would be dismissed and all of his scenes would be reshot with a different actor.[27]

The film's second scene is a sequence over 20 minutes long recounting the landing on the beaches of Normandy on D-Day. Spielberg chose to include this particularly violent sequence in order "to bring the audience onto the stage with me," specifically noting that he did not want the "audience to be spectators," but rather he wanted to "demand them to be participants with those kids who had never seen combat before in real life, and get to the top of Omaha Beach together."[19]

Filming

Filming began June 27, 1997, and lasted for two months.[28][29][30] Spielberg wanted an almost exact replica of the Omaha Beach landscape for the movie, including sand and a bluff similar to the one where German forces were stationed and a near match was found in Ballinesker Beach, Curracloe Strand, Ballinesker, just east of Curracloe, County Wexford, Ireland.[31][32][33] Production of the sequence depicting the Omaha Beach landings cost US$12 million and involved up to 1,500 extras, some of whom were members of the Irish Reserve Defence Forces. Members of local reenactment groups such as the Second Battle Group were cast as extras to play German soldiers.[34] In addition, twenty to thirty actual amputees were used to portray American soldiers maimed during the landing.[35] Spielberg did not storyboard the sequence, as he wanted spontaneous reactions and for "the action to inspire me as to where to put the camera."[36] Hanks recalled to Roger Ebert that although he realized it was a movie, the experience still hit him hard, stating, "The first day of shooting the D-Day sequences, I was in the back of the landing craft, and that ramp went down and I saw the first 1-2-3-4 rows of guys just getting blown to bits. In my head, of course, I knew it was special effects, but I still wasn't prepared for how tactile it was."[37]

Some shooting was done in Normandy, for the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial in Colleville-sur-Mer and Calvados. Other scenes were filmed in England, such as a former British Aerospace factory in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, Thame Park, Oxfordshire and Wiltshire. Production was due to also take place in Seaham, County Durham, but government restrictions disallowed this.[38] According to both Gordon and Levinsohn, the producers were hardly involved in the production as Spielberg was entrusted with full creative control of the film. Both producers were only involved in raising foreign financing and handling international distribution. Gordon, however, said that Spielberg was "inclusive and gracious and enormously solicitous in terms of the development of the screenplay".[39]

Portrayal of history

The historical representation of Charlie Company's actions, led by its commander, Captain Ralph E. Goranson, is considered to be well-maintained in the opening sequence. The sequence and details of the events are very close to the historical record, including the sea sickness experienced by many of the soldiers as the landing craft moved toward the shoreline, the significant casualties among the men as they disembarked from the boats, and their difficulty linking up with adjacent units on the shore.

The distinctive "ping" of the US soldiers' M1 Garand rifles ejecting their ammunition clips is heard throughout the battle sequence. Many details of the company's actions were depicted accurately; for instance, the correct code names for the sector Charlie Company assaulted, and adjacent sectors, were used. Included in the cinematic depiction of the landing was a follow-on mission of clearing a bunker and trench system at the top of the cliffs which was not part of the original mission objectives for Charlie Company, but which was undertaken after the assault on the beach.[40]

The landing craft used included twelve actual World War II examples, 10 LCVPs and 2 LCMs, standing in for the British LCAs that the Ranger Companies rode in to the beach during Operation Overlord.[40][41] The filmmakers used underwater cameras to better depict soldiers being hit by bullets in the water. Forty barrels of fake blood were used to simulate the effect of blood in the seawater.[35] This degree of realism was more difficult to achieve when depicting World War II German armored vehicles, as few examples survive in operating condition. The Tiger I tanks in the film were copies built on the chassis of old, but functional, Soviet T-34 tanks.[42] The two vehicles described in the film as Panzers were meant to portray Marder III tank destroyers. One was created for the film using the chassis of a Czech-built Panzer 38(t) tank[43] similar to the construction of the original Marder III; the other was a cosmetically modified Swedish SAV m/43 assault gun, which also used the 38(t) chassis.[44]

There are some historical inaccuracies in the film's depiction of the Normandy campaign. At the time of the mission, US forces from the two American beach areas, Utah and Omaha, had not yet linked up.[45] In reality, a Ranger team operating out of the Omaha Beach area would have had to move through the German-occupied city of Carentan, or swim or boat across the estuary linking Carentan to the English Channel, or transfer by boat to the Utah landing area. On the other hand, US forces moving out of Utah Beach would have had direct and much shorter routes, relatively unencumbered by enemy positions, and were already in contact with some teams from both US airborne divisions landed in the area.[46]

In contrast, the Utah Beach landings were relatively uncontested, with assault units landing on largely unoccupied beaches and experiencing far less action than the landings at Omaha.[47] The filmmakers chose to begin the narrative with a depiction of the more dramatic story of Omaha, despite the historical inaccuracies it would create. In addition, the film depicts the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich as the adversary during the fictional Battle of Ramelle; in fact, there is no town called Ramelle and the 2nd SS was not engaged in Normandy until July, and then at Caen against the British and Canadians, 100 miles to the east (160 km).[48] Furthermore, the Merderet River bridges were not an objective of the 101st Airborne Division but of the 82nd Airborne Division, part of Mission Boston.[49]

Much has also been said about various "tactical errors" made by both the German and American forces in the film's climactic battle. Spielberg responded by saying that in many scenes he opted to replace sound military tactics and strict historical accuracy for dramatic effect.[50][51] Some other technical errors were also made, such as reversing the orientation of the German beach barriers and obstructions (metal hedgehogs and wooden stakes and tripod ramps). In the ruined village of Ramelle, a spelling mistake in French can be observed on a mural advertisement, where the word estomac is erroneously spelled estomach.[52]

Cinematography

To achieve a tone and quality that were true to the story as well as reflected the period in which it is set, Spielberg once again collaborated with cinematographer Janusz Kamiński, saying, "Early on, we both knew that we did not want this to look like a Technicolor extravaganza about World War II, but more like color newsreel footage from the 1940s, which is very desaturated and low-tech."

Kamiński had the protective coating stripped from the camera lenses, making them closer to those used in the 1940s. He explains that "without the protective coating, the light goes in and starts bouncing around, which makes it slightly more diffused and a bit softer without being out of focus." The cinematographer completed the overall effect by putting the negative through bleach bypass, a process that reduces brightness and color saturation. The shutter timing was set to 90 or 45 degrees for many of the battle sequences, as opposed to the standard of 180-degree timing. Kamiński clarifies, "In this way, we attained a certain staccato in the actors' movements and a certain crispness in the explosions, which makes them slightly more realistic."[53]

Reception

Box office

Saving Private Ryan was released in 2,463 theaters on July 24, 1998, and grossed $30.5 million on its opening weekend, opening to number one and remained at the top for four weeks until Blade topped the film in its fifth week of release.[54] It also became the third R-rated film to reach $200 million at the domestic box office, following Beverly Hills Cop and Terminator 2: Judgment Day.[55] The film grossed $216.5 million in the US and Canada and $268.7 million in other territories, bringing its worldwide total to $485 million.[2] It was the second-highest-grossing film of 1998 worldwide, finishing behind Armageddon.[1] Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 45.74 million tickets in the United States and Canada.[56]

Critical response

Saving Private Ryan received acclaim from critics and audiences; much of the praise went to Spielberg's directing, the realistic battle scenes,[57] the actors' performances,[58] Williams' score, Kaminski's cinematography, Kahn's editing, and Rodat's script. On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds an approval rating of 93% based on 143 reviews, with an average rating of 8.70/10. The website's critics consensus reads: "Anchored by another winning performance from Tom Hanks, Steven Spielberg's unflinchingly realistic war film virtually redefines the genre."[59] Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 91 out of 100, based on 35 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[60] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[61]

Many critics associations, such as New York Film Critics Circle and Los Angeles Film Critics Association, chose Saving Private Ryan as Film of the Year.[62] Roger Ebert gave it four stars out of four and called it "a powerful experience".[58] Janet Maslin of The New York Times called it "the finest war movie of our time".[6] Gene Siskel, Ebert's co-host and critic of Chicago Tribune, said that the film "accomplishes something I had been taught was most difficult—making an action-filled anti-war film or, at least, one that doesn't in some way glorify or lie about combat".[63] On their program At the Movies, Siskel and Ebert each named the film as the fourth- and third-best film of 1998, respectively.[64][65] Writing for TIME, Richard Schickel said that was "a war film that, entirely aware of its genre's conventions, transcends them as it transcends the simplistic moralities that inform its predecessors, to take the high, morally haunting ground".[66] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly praised the film, saying that "Spielberg has captured the hair-trigger instability of modern combat."[67] Kenneth Turan of Los Angeles Times praised the film as well, calling it "a powerful and impressive milestone in the realistic depiction of combat, Saving Private Ryan is as much an experience we live through as a film we watch on screen."[68]

The film earned some negative reviews from critics. Writing for Chicago Reader, Jonathan Rosenbaum gave the film two stars and felt that "it has a few pretty good action moments, a lot of spilled guts, a few moments of drama that don't seem phony or hollow, some fairly strained period ambience, and a bit of sentimental morphing that reminds me of Forrest Gump."[69] Andrew Sarris of Observer wrote that the film was "tediously manipulative despite its Herculean energy".[70] The film also earned some criticism for ignoring the contributions of several other countries to the D-Day landings in general and at Omaha Beach specifically.[71] The most direct example of the latter is that during the actual landing, the 2nd Rangers disembarked from British ships and were taken to Omaha Beach by Royal Navy landing craft (LCAs). The film depicts them as being United States Coast Guard-crewed craft (LCVPs and LCMs) from an American ship, the USS Thomas Jefferson (APA-30).[40][72][73] This criticism was far from universal with other critics recognizing the director's intent to make an "American" film.[74] The film was not released in Malaysia after Spielberg refused to cut the violent scenes;[75] however, the film was finally released there on DVD with an 18SG certificate in 2005.

Many World War II veterans stated that the film was the most realistic depiction of combat they had ever seen.[76] The film was so realistic that some combat veterans of D-Day and Vietnam left theaters rather than finish watching the opening scene depicting the Normandy invasion. Their visits to posttraumatic stress disorder counselors rose in number after the film's release, and many counselors advised "'more psychologically vulnerable'" veterans to avoid watching it.[77] The Department of Veterans Affairs set up a nationwide hotline for veterans who were affected by the film, and less than two weeks after the film was released it had already received over 170 calls.[78]

The film has gained criticism from some war veterans. Film director and military veteran Oliver Stone has accused the film of promoting "the worship of World War II as the good war," and has placed it alongside films such as Gladiator and Black Hawk Down that he believes were well-made, but may have inadvertently contributed to Americans' readiness for the 2003 invasion of Iraq.[79] In defense of the film's portrait of warfare, Brian De Palma commented, "The level of violence in something like Saving Private Ryan makes sense because Spielberg is trying to show something about the brutality of what happened."[80] Actor Richard Todd, who performed in The Longest Day and was among the first Allied soldiers to land in Normandy (Operation Tonga), said the film was "Rubbish. Overdone."[81] American academic Paul Fussell, who saw combat in France during World War II, objected to what he described as, "the way Spielberg's Saving Private Ryan, after an honest, harrowing, 15-minute opening visualizing details of the unbearable bloody mess at Omaha Beach, degenerated into a harmless, uncritical patriotic performance apparently designed to thrill 12-year-old boys during the summer bad-film season. Its genre was pure cowboys and Indians, with the virtuous cowboys of course victorious."[82] Historian Jim DiEugenio took note that the film was actually "90 percent fiction" and that Tom Hanks knew this, with his goal being to "commemorate World War II as the Good War and to depict the American role in it as crucial".[83][84]

Awards

The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 71st annual ceremony, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, and Best Original Screenplay. The film won five of these, including Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Film Editing, and Best Director for Spielberg, his second win in that category.

After the film lost the Best Picture award to Shakespeare in Love, many film pundits criticized the Academy's decision not to award the film with the Best Picture Oscar and has continued to be considered as one of the biggest snubs in the ceremony's history.[85][86] In a poll in 2015, Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the Oscar for Best Picture to Saving Private Ryan.[87] As of 2021, it is one of only three films to ever win the PGA, DGA, Golden Globe, and Best Director Oscar while not winning Best Picture at the Academy Awards, the others being Brokeback Mountain and La La Land.

The film also won the Golden Globes for Best Motion Picture – Drama and Director, the BAFTA Award for Special Effects and Sound, the Directors Guild of America Award, a Grammy Award for Best Film Soundtrack, the Producers Guild of America Golden Laurel Award, and the Saturn Award for Best Action, Adventure, or Thriller Film.[62]

List of awards and nominations received by Saving Private Ryan

Award	Category	Nominee	Result
Academy Awards	Best Picture	Steven Spielberg, Ian Bryce, Mark Gordon and Gary Levinsohn	Nominated
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Actor in a Leading Role	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen	Robert Rodat	Nominated
	Best Art Direction	Thomas E. Sanders and Lisa Dean	Nominated
	Best Cinematography	Janusz Kamiński	Won
	Best Film Editing	Michael Kahn	Won
	Best Makeup	Lois Burwell, Conor O'Sullivan and Daniel C. Striepeke	Nominated
	Best Original Dramatic Score	John Williams	Nominated
	Best Sound	Gary Rydstrom, Gary Summers, Andy Nelson and Ron Judkins	Won
	Best Sound Effects Editing	Gary Rydstrom and Richard Hymns	Won
Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films	Best Thriller Film		Won
	Best Special Effects		Nominated
Amanda Awards	Best Foreign Film	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
American Cinema Editors	Best Edited Feature Film	Michael Kahn	Won
American Society of Cinematographers	Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography in Theatrical Releases	Janusz Kamiński	Nominated
Art Directors Guild	Feature Film		Nominated
Awards of the Japanese Academy	Best Foreign Film		Nominated
BAFTA Awards	Best Film		Nominated
	Best Direction	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Cinematography	Janusz Kamiński	Nominated
	Best Production Design		Nominated
	Best Editing	Michael Kahn	Nominated
	Best Sound		Won
	Best Music	John Williams	Nominated
	Best Makeup & Hair		Nominated
	Best Special Visual Effects		Won
BMI Film Music Award	BMI Film Music Award	John Williams	Won
Blockbuster Entertainment Award	Favorite Actor	Tom Hanks	Won
	Favorite Supporting Actor	Jeremy Davies	Nominated
Boston Society of Film Critics Awards	Best Cinematography		Won
British Society of Cinematographers	Best Cinematography		Nominated
Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Picture		Won
	Best Score	John Williams	Won
Camerimage	Best Cinematography		Nominated
Casting Society of America	Best Casting		Won
Chicago Film Critics Association Awards	Best Picture		Won
	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Cinematography		Nominated
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
Cinema Audio Society	Best Sound		Won
Czech Lions	Best Foreign Film	Steven Spielberg	Won
César Awards	Best Foreign Film	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards	Best Picture		Won
	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Nominated
Directors Guild of America	Outstanding Directorial Achievement	Steven Spielberg	Won
Empire Awards	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Won
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Film		Nominated
European Film Award	Screen International Award	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
Film Critics Circle of Australia Awards	Best Foreign Film		Nominated
Florida Film Critics Circle Awards	Best Cinematography		Won
Golden Globes	Best Motion Picture – Drama		Won
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Screenplay	Robert Rodat	Nominated
	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Original Score	John Williams	Nominated
Grammy Awards	Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television	John Williams	Won
Huabiao Film Awards	Best Foreign Film		Won
Humanitas Prize	Feature Film Category		Nominated
Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists	Best Foreign Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards	Best Film		Won
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Supporting Actor	Jeremy Davies	Won
Key Art Awards	Best of Show – Audiovisual		Won
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards	Best Cinematography		Won
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Picture		Won
London Critics Circle Film Awards	Film of the Year		Won
	Actor of the Year	Matt Damon	Nominated
	Actor of the Year	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Director of the Year	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards	Best Cinematography		Won
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Picture		Won
MTV Movie Awards	Best Action Sequence	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Male Performance	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Movie		Nominated
Motion Picture Sound Editors	Best Sound Editing – Dialogue		Won
	Best Sound Editing – Sound Effects		Won
	Best Sound Editing – Music		Nominated
National Board of Review	Top Ten Films		Won
National Society of Film Critics Awards	Best Film		Nominated
New York Film Critics Circle Awards	Best Film		Won
Online Film Critics Society Awards	Best Film		Won
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Cinematography		Won
	Best Ensemble		Won
	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Nominated
	Best Film Editing	Michael Kahn	Won
	Best Music	John Williams	Nominated
PGA Awards	Motion Picture Producer of the Year Award		Won
Russian Guild of Film Critics	Best Foreign Film	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
Satellite Awards	Best Film		Nominated
	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Nominated
	Best Original Screenplay	Robert Rodat	Nominated
	Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture	Tom Sizemore	Nominated
	Best Editing	Michael Kahn	Won
	Best Cinematography		Nominated
	Best Original Score	John Williams	Nominated
	Best Visual Effects		Nominated
Saturn Awards	Best Action or Adventure Film		Won
	Best Special Effects		Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards	Best Ensemble		Nominated
	Best Actor	Tom Hanks	Nominated
Southeastern Film Critics Association Awards	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Picture		Won
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards	Best Director	Steven Spielberg	Won
	Best Picture		Won
	Best Male Performance	Tom Hanks	Nominated
Writers Guild of America	Best Original Screenplay	Robert Rodat	Nominated

Legacy

Today, Saving Private Ryan is widely considered to be one of the greatest films ever made.[6][7][8] The film has been frequently lauded as an influential work in the war film genre and is credited with contributing to a resurgence in America's interest in World War II. Old and new films, video games, and novels about the war enjoyed renewed popularity after its release.[88] The film's use of desaturated colors, hand-held cameras, and tight angles has profoundly influenced subsequent films and video games.[89][90]

The American Film Institute has included Saving Private Ryan in many of its lists, ranking it as the 71st-greatest American movie in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition),[91] as well as the 45th-most thrilling film in AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills,[92] the 10th-most inspiring in AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers,[93] and the eighth-best epic film in "AFI's 10 Top 10".[94] In 2014, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress, being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[9] Saving Private Ryan was voted as the greatest war film in a 2008 Channel 4 poll of the 100 greatest war films. In a readers’ poll for Rolling Stone, it was voted as the 18th-best film of the 1990s.[95] Empire named the film as the 39th-greatest film of all time.[96]

Saving Private Ryan has also received critical acclaim for its realistic portrayal of World War II combat. In particular, the sequence depicting the Omaha Beach landings was named the "best battle scene of all time" by Empire magazine and was ranked number one on TV Guide's list of the "50 Greatest Movie Moments".[97] Filmmaker Robert Altman wrote a letter to Spielberg stating, "Private Ryan was awesome – best I've seen."[98] Filmmaker Quentin Tarantino has expressed admiration for the film and has cited it as an influence on his 2009 film, Inglourious Basterds.[99] Prior to making Dunkirk, filmmaker Christopher Nolan consulted with Spielberg on how to portray the war scenes.[100]

Television broadcasts

On Veterans Day in 2001, 2002, and 2004, ABC aired the film uncut and with limited commercial interruption. The network airings were given a TV-MA rating as the violent battle scenes and the profanity were left intact. The 2004 airing was marred by pre-emptions in many markets because of the language in the backlash of Super Bowl XXXVIII's halftime show controversy.[101] However, critics and veterans' groups such as the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars assailed those stations and their owners, including Sinclair Broadcast Group (which owned fourteen ABC affiliates at the time), Hearst-Argyle Television (which owned twelve); Scripps Howard Broadcasting (which owned six); Belo (which owned four); and Cox Enterprises (which owned three) for allegedly putting profits ahead of programming and honoring World War II soldiers, saying the stations made more money running their own programming instead of being paid by the network to carry the film, especially during a sweeps period.^{[citation needed]}

A total of 65 ABC affiliates—28% of the network—did not clear the available timeslot for the film, even with The Walt Disney Company, ABC's parent, offering to pay all their fines for broadcasting the movie's strong language to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).[102] In the end, however, no complaints were lodged against ABC affiliates who showed Saving Private Ryan, perhaps because even conservative watchdogs like the Parents Television Council (PTC) supported the unedited rebroadcast of the film.[103] Additionally, some ABC affiliates in other markets that were near affected markets, such as Youngstown affiliate WYTV (channel 33, which is viewable in parts of the Columbus, Cleveland, and Pittsburgh markets, none of which aired the film), Gainesville affiliate WCJB-TV (channel 20, which is viewable in parts of the Orlando and Tampa markets), and the network's affiliates in Hartford and Providence (which are viewable in parts of the Boston and Springfield markets) still aired the film and gave those nearby markets the option of viewing the film.[104] TNT and Turner Classic Movies have also broadcast the film. AMC Networks holds broadcast rights to the film as of 2021.[105][106]

Home video

The film was released on home video in May 1999 with a VHS release that earned over $44 million.[107] The DVD release became available in November of the same year,[108] and was one of the best-selling titles of the year, with over 1.5 million units sold.[109] The DVD was released in two separate versions: one with Dolby Digital and the other with DTS 5.1 surround sound. Besides the different 5.1 tracks, the two DVDs are identical. The film was also issued in a limited 2-disc LaserDisc in November 1999, making it one of the last feature films to be issued in this format, as LaserDiscs ceased manufacturing and distribution by year's end.[110]

In 2004, a Saving Private Ryan special-edition DVD was released to commemorate the 60th anniversary of D-Day. This two-disc edition was also included in a box set titled World War II Collection, along with two documentaries produced by Spielberg, Price For Peace (about the Pacific War) and Shooting War (about war photographers, narrated by Tom Hanks).[111] The film was released on Blu-ray Disc on April 26, 2010 in the UK and on May 4, 2010 in the US, as part of Paramount Home Video's premium Sapphire Series.[112] However, only weeks after its release, Paramount issued a recall due to audio synchronization problems. The studio issued an official statement acknowledging the problem, which they attributed to an authoring error by Technicolor that escaped the quality control process, and that they had already begun the process of replacing the defective discs.[113]

On May 8, 2018, Paramount Home Entertainment released Saving Private Ryan on Ultra HD Blu-ray to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the release of the film.[114]

See also

• My Boy Jack
• List of World War II films
• Sole Survivor Policy
• Saving Private Ryan (soundtrack)
• Band of Brothers and The Pacific, two miniseries executive produced by Steven Spielberg and Tom Hanks
• List of films considered the best

References

Further reading

• Kershaw, Alex (May 11, 2004). The Bedford Boys: One American Town's Ultimate D-day Sacrifice. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81355-6.
• Lefebvre, Laurent (September 2008). 29th Division ... a division of heroes. American d-Day. ISBN 978-2-9519963-9-7.
• Lefebvre, Laurent (June 1, 2004). They Were on Omaha Beach. American d-Day. ISBN 2-9519963-5-7.
• D Day: June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II by Stephen E. Ambrose
• [devx]

External links

• Saving Private Ryan at IMDb
• Saving Private Ryan at AllMovie
• Saving Private Ryan at Box Office Mojo
• Saving Private Ryan at Rotten Tomatoes
• American D-Day informational website
• Paramount Movies

На других языках

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[de] Der Soldat James Ryan

Der Soldat James Ryan (Originaltitel: Saving Private Ryan) ist ein mehrfach preisgekrönter US-amerikanischer Kriegsfilm des amerikanischen Regisseurs Steven Spielberg aus dem Jahr 1998. Der Film startete am 8. Oktober 1998 in den deutschen Kinos. Private ist der Dienstgrad des einfachen Soldaten, in den US-Streitkräften kurz Pvt. Die Rahmenhandlung basiert in ihren Grundzügen auf einer wahren Begebenheit: Zwei der vier Niland-Brüder waren während der Invasion in der Normandie gefallen und der dritte, ein Bomberpilot, wurde vermisst und aufgrund der Umstände ebenfalls für tot gehalten. Um deren Mutter nicht noch eine vierte Todesnachricht überbringen zu müssen, startete die US-Army eine Evakuierungsmission zur Rettung des vermeintlich einzigen noch lebenden Sohnes Frederic „Fritz“ Niland (Name im Film: James Francis Ryan). Davon abgesehen sind die Details der Handlung und die Figuren des Filmes frei erfunden. Die Inszenierung der Kriegsgräuel gilt als stilbildend und beeinflusste nachhaltig die filmische Darstellung von Kriegen.

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- [en] Saving Private Ryan

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[es] Saving Private Ryan

Saving Private Ryan (titulada: Rescatando al soldado Ryan en Hispanoamérica y Salvar al soldado Ryan en España) es una película bélica épica estadounidense estrenada en 1998 y ambientada en la invasión de Normandía durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Dirigido por Steven Spielberg y escrito por Robert Rodat, el filme destaca por su recreación muy realista de la guerra, especialmente en sus intensos 27 primeros minutos, que narran el desembarco y asalto aliado de la «playa de Omaha» el 6 de junio de 1944. La historia continúa con Tom Hanks como el capitán John H. Miller del ejército de los Estados Unidos y siete hombres (interpretados por Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Vin Diesel, Giovanni Ribisi, Adam Goldberg y Jeremy Davies) en busca de un paracaidista, el soldado James Francis Ryan (Matt Damon), que ha perdido a sus tres hermanos en combate. La película es una coproducción entre DreamWorks Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Amblin Entertainment y Mutual Film Company. DreamWorks distribuyó la película en Norteamérica y Paramount internacionalmente.

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[ru] Спасти рядового Райана

«Спасти́ рядово́го Ра́йана» (англ. Saving Private Ryan) — американская эпическая военная драма 1998 года режиссёра Стивена Спилберга, описывающая события во время Нормандской операции Второй мировой войны[6].

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